关键词: 
团簇离子 /
非线性效应 /
能量损失 /
脉冲幅度亏损 /
离子束混合

摘要: 实验表明，团簇离子在物质中的能量损失并不等于各成分单独作用的总和，而是具有非线性效应．这种非线性效应与团簇离子的能量、团簇的种类和大小、团簇成分之间的空间关联程度以及作用物质的结构有关．对团簇作用的非线性效应研究对于了解团簇与物质相互作用的机制具有非常重要的理论意义．MeV能区的团簇离子在物质中的非线性电子能损和核能损方面的直接实验数据还相当缺乏，其理论模型也更待建立．评述了载能团簇离子在物质中的能量损失及测量方法．Fast ions deposit energy in matter through electronic and nuclear collision processes. The relaxation of the deposited energy induces emission of photons, electrons, ions, and neutral species from the target. Comparing with single incident ion, cluster induces many new phenomena: such as non-linear energy loss, non-linear emission of secondary ions, production of giant tracks and craters in various irradiated materials. These new phenomena induced by clusters are attributed to the vicinage effect ......