主动中子多重性铀质量测量模拟研究

孙诗奇; 胡力元; 侯英伟; 刘辉兰; 宋玉收

doi:10.11804/NuclPhysRev.36.02.266

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主动中子多重性铀质量测量模拟研究

孙诗奇, 胡力元, 侯英伟, 刘辉兰, 宋玉收

文章导航 > 原子核物理评论 > 2019 > 36(2): 266-271

孙诗奇, 胡力元, 侯英伟, 刘辉兰, 宋玉收. 主动中子多重性铀质量测量模拟研究[J]. 原子核物理评论, 2019, 36(2): 266-271. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.36.02.266

引用本文:

孙诗奇, 胡力元, 侯英伟, 刘辉兰, 宋玉收. 主动中子多重性铀质量测量模拟研究[J]. 原子核物理评论, 2019, 36(2): 266-271. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.36.02.266

SUN Shiqi, HU Liyuan, HOU Yingwei, LIU Huilan, SONG Yushou. Simulation of Uranium Mass Measurement Based on Active Neutron Multiplicity[J]. Nuclear Physics Review, 2019, 36(2): 266-271. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.36.02.266

Citation:

SUN Shiqi, HU Liyuan, HOU Yingwei, LIU Huilan, SONG Yushou. Simulation of Uranium Mass Measurement Based on Active Neutron Multiplicity[J]. Nuclear Physics Review, 2019, 36(2): 266-271. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.36.02.266

主动中子多重性铀质量测量模拟研究

doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.36.02.266

哈尔滨工程大学核安全与仿真技术国防重点学科实验室, 哈尔滨 150001

基金项目: 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（HEUCFP201851）

详细信息

作者简介:
孙诗奇(1994-),男,四川三台人,硕士研究生,从事核辐射探测技术相关研究;E-mail:sunshiqi127@163.com

通讯作者: 宋玉收,E-mail:songyushou80@163.com

中图分类号: TL816⁺.3

Simulation of Uranium Mass Measurement Based on Active Neutron Multiplicity

Fundamental Science on Nuclear Safety and Simulation Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China

Funds: Special Fund for Basic Scientific Research Business Fees of Central Universities (HEUCFP201851)

摘要: 中子多重性技术常用于测量和核查核材料，尤其针对具有较厚屏蔽的对象具有不可替代的优势。钚的自发裂变率较高，可以采用被动测量方法，目前已有多款不同的测量装置。然而铀材料的自发裂变率较低只能采用主动测量方法。现有的主动井型符合计数器（AWCC）能够进行主动中子多重性测量铀材料质量，但依然存在探测效率较低，Am-Li中子源产生偶然符合大等缺点。为提高铀材料测量的效率和精度，对主动中子多重性测量方法开展深入研究非常必要。本文参考AWCC模型，利用Geant4软件对探测器和粒子的输运过程进行建模。研究了多重性移位寄存器的不同符合门宽、不同延迟时间对铀测量结果相对偏差的影响规律。计数器的最佳门宽为44 μs，门宽取值范围在计数器衰减时间的1.5倍左右合适；延迟时间大于3倍计数器衰减时间后，相对偏差显著减少。最后讨论了²³⁵U富集度变化对主动中子多重性测量结果的影响。为后续主动中子多重性铀质量测量仪器的设计提供了参考。
- 主动中子多重性 /
- 铀质量测量 /
- 模拟
Abstract: Neutron multiplicity technique is commonly used to measure and verify nuclear materials, especially for objects with heavy shields. Plutonium material has high spontaneous fission rate and passive measurement is available. Currently, there are many different measurement devices. However, uranium material measurement can only be performed by active method due to its low spontaneous fission rate. The existing active well type coincidence counter (AWCC) is capable of performing active neutron multiplicity measurement of uranium. But the detection efficiency is low and there are lots of accidental coincidence counts caused by the Am-Li neutron source. In order to improve the efficiency and the accuracy it is necessary to carry out comprehensive investigation on active neutron multiplicity measurement method. A neutron multiplicity measurement system was modeled based on Geant4 referring to the AWCC structure. The effects of different gate width and delay time on the measurement deviation were studied. The optimal gate width of the counter is 44 μs and the range of the gate width is suitable for about 1.5 times of the counter die-away time; after the delay time is greater than 3 times the counter die-away time, the relative deviation is significantly reduced. The influence of ²³⁵U enrichment on the result was also discussed. This work provides a reference for the design of the active neutron multiplicity counter.
- active neutron multiplicity /
- uranium mass measurement /
- simulation

[1]	REILLY D, ENSSLIN N, SMITH JR H, et al. Passive Nondestructive Assay of Nuclear Materials[R]. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC (United States). Office of Nuclear Regulatory Research; Los Alamos National Lab, NM (United States), 1991.
[2]	WANG Xiaozhong, JIA Xiangjun. Atomic Energy Science and Technology, 1998, 32(3):256. (in Chinese) (王效忠, 贾向军. 原子能科学技术, 1998, 32(3):256.)
[3]	ZHAO Deshan, CHEN Qi, CHEN Xianglin. Nuclear Electronics and Detection Technology, 2004, 24(6):726. (in Chinese) (赵德山, 陈琦, 陈想林. 核电子学与探测技术, 2004, 24(6):726.)
[4]	SPRINKLE J. Passive Nondestructive Assay of Nuclear Materials, NUREG/CR-5550, United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 1991:435.
[5]	KRICK M S, MENLOVE H O. High-level neutron coincidence counter (HLNCC):Users' Manual[R]. Los Alamos Scientific Lab, 1979.
[6]	ENSSLIN N, HARKER W C, KRICK M S, et al. Los Alamos Report LA-13422-M, 1998.
[7]	PEERANI P, FERRER M M. Nucl Instr and Meth A, 2008, 589(2):304.
[8]	GÖTTSCHE M, KIRCHNER G. Nucl Instr and Meth A, 2015, 798:99.
[9]	GODDARD B, CROFT S, LOUSTEAU A, et al. Nucl Instr and Meth A, 2016, 830:256.
[10]	CHEN Ligao, LIU Xiaobo, GONG Jian, et al. Journal of Tsinghua University:Science and Technology, 2015, 54(2):159. (in Chinese) (陈利高, 刘晓波, 龚建, 等. 清华大学学报:自然科学版, 2015, 54(2):159.)
[11]	LI Sufen, ZHANG Quanhu, DI Yuming, et al. Computer Simulation of Active Neutron Multiplicity Measurement[C]//The 16th National Conference on Nuclear Electronics and Nuclear Detection Technology, Mianyang, 2012. (in Chinese) (黎素芬, 张全虎, 弟宇鸣, 等. 有源中子多重性测量计算机模拟研究[C]//第十六届全国核电子学与核探测技术学术年会, 绵阳, 2012.)
[12]	ZHU Jianyu, XU Xuefeng, JIANG Yimin, et al. Nuclear Physics Review, 2015, 32(3):323. (in Chinese) (朱剑钰, 徐雪峰, 蒋翊民, 等. 原子核物理评论, 2015, 32(3):323.)
[13]	ENSSLIN N, KRICK M S, LANGNER D G, et al. Active Neutron Multiplicity Counting of Bulk Uranium[R]. Los Alamos National Lab, NM (United States), 1991.
[14]	KRICK M S, ENSSLIN N, CEO R N, et al. Analysis of Active Neutron Multiplicity Data for Y-12 Skull Oxide Samples[R]. Los Alamos National Lab, 1996.
[15]	CIFARELLI D M, HAGE W. Nucl Instr and Meth A, 1986, 251(3):550.
[16]	KRICK M S, ENSSLIN N, LANGNER D G, et al. Active Neutron Multiplicity Analysis and Monte Carlo Calculations[R]. Los Alamos National Lab, 1994.
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主动中子多重性铀质量测量模拟研究

doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.36.02.266

哈尔滨工程大学核安全与仿真技术国防重点学科实验室, 哈尔滨 150001

基金项目: 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（HEUCFP201851）

作者简介:
孙诗奇(1994-),男,四川三台人,硕士研究生,从事核辐射探测技术相关研究;E-mail:sunshiqi127@163.com

通讯作者: 宋玉收,E-mail:songyushou80@163.com

收稿日期: 2018-09-12
修回日期: 2019-03-06
刊出日期: 2019-06-20

中图分类号: TL816⁺.3

关键词:

主动中子多重性 /

铀质量测量 /

模拟

摘要: 中子多重性技术常用于测量和核查核材料，尤其针对具有较厚屏蔽的对象具有不可替代的优势。钚的自发裂变率较高，可以采用被动测量方法，目前已有多款不同的测量装置。然而铀材料的自发裂变率较低只能采用主动测量方法。现有的主动井型符合计数器（AWCC）能够进行主动中子多重性测量铀材料质量，但依然存在探测效率较低，Am-Li中子源产生偶然符合大等缺点。为提高铀材料测量的效率和精度，对主动中子多重性测量方法开展深入研究非常必要。本文参考AWCC模型，利用Geant4软件对探测器和粒子的输运过程进行建模。研究了多重性移位寄存器的不同符合门宽、不同延迟时间对铀测量结果相对偏差的影响规律。计数器的最佳门宽为44 μs，门宽取值范围在计数器衰减时间的1.5倍左右合适；延迟时间大于3倍计数器衰减时间后，相对偏差显著减少。最后讨论了²³⁵U富集度变化对主动中子多重性测量结果的影响。为后续主动中子多重性铀质量测量仪器的设计提供了参考。

English Abstract

Simulation of Uranium Mass Measurement Based on Active Neutron Multiplicity

Fundamental Science on Nuclear Safety and Simulation Technology Laboratory, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China

Funds: Special Fund for Basic Scientific Research Business Fees of Central Universities (HEUCFP201851)

Received Date: 2018-09-12
Rev Recd Date: 2019-03-06
Publish Date: 2019-06-20

Keywords:

Abstract: Neutron multiplicity technique is commonly used to measure and verify nuclear materials, especially for objects with heavy shields. Plutonium material has high spontaneous fission rate and passive measurement is available. Currently, there are many different measurement devices. However, uranium material measurement can only be performed by active method due to its low spontaneous fission rate. The existing active well type coincidence counter (AWCC) is capable of performing active neutron multiplicity measurement of uranium. But the detection efficiency is low and there are lots of accidental coincidence counts caused by the Am-Li neutron source. In order to improve the efficiency and the accuracy it is necessary to carry out comprehensive investigation on active neutron multiplicity measurement method. A neutron multiplicity measurement system was modeled based on Geant4 referring to the AWCC structure. The effects of different gate width and delay time on the measurement deviation were studied. The optimal gate width of the counter is 44 μs and the range of the gate width is suitable for about 1.5 times of the counter die-away time; after the delay time is greater than 3 times the counter die-away time, the relative deviation is significantly reduced. The influence of ²³⁵U enrichment on the result was also discussed. This work provides a reference for the design of the active neutron multiplicity counter.

孙诗奇, 胡力元, 侯英伟, 刘辉兰, 宋玉收. 主动中子多重性铀质量测量模拟研究[J]. 原子核物理评论, 2019, 36(2): 266-271. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.36.02.266

引用本文:

孙诗奇, 胡力元, 侯英伟, 刘辉兰, 宋玉收. 主动中子多重性铀质量测量模拟研究[J]. 原子核物理评论, 2019, 36(2): 266-271. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.36.02.266

Citation: