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1997年  第14卷  第4期

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核物理
核内夸克-胶子分布
厉光烈
1997, 14(4): 199-206. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.14.04.199
摘要:
介绍与核内夸克-胶子分布的有关实验现象:EMC效应、核遮蔽效应、核Drel-Yan过程和J/ψ光生反应等,以及解释它们的理论模型.The experiments of the EMC effect,nuclear shadowing effect,nuclear DrellYanprocess and J/ψ production related to the quarkgluon distributions in nuclei and the theoretical models explaining them are briefly reviewed. 
重离子裂变反应动力学研究
刘国兴, 戴光曦
1997, 14(4): 207-212. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.14.04.207
摘要:
从实验角度评述了重离子裂变反应动力学研究现状.内容包括动力学裂变宽度、裂变时标、核粘滞性的温度和形变相关性以及从裂变实验上研究核粘滞性的方法等. The present status of the dynamics study for heavyioninduced fission reaction includesing the dynamical fission width,the fission time scale,the temperature and deformation dependence of the nuclear viscosity and the methods of the extracting viscosity from fission experiments induced by heavy ion reactions is reviewed. 
极端条件下原子核性质研究——热核和多重碎裂
张丰收, 葛凌霄
1997, 14(4): 213-217. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.14.04.213
摘要:
对近年来本小组所研究的极端条件下原子核,即高温高密原子核性质及其可能出现的液汽相变和多重碎裂等进行了综述. The recent studies in our group on the properties of nuclei at extreme conditions,i.e.nuclei at high densities and high temperatures,their possible liquidgas phase transitions and the multifragmentation are reviewed. 
79Kr高自旋超形变的观测
潘强岩, M.DE Poli, G.De Angelis, C.Fahander, D.Bazzacco, E.Farnea, A.Gadea, D.R.Napoli, P.Spolaore
1997, 14(4): 218-221. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.14.04.218
摘要:
通过55Mn(30Si,αpn)反应布居了79Kr的高自旋态.用GASP阵列配以由40个ΔE×ESi(Au)望远镜所组成的带电粒子球实现γγγ-带电粒子符合测量.观测到由相对强度为(2.7±0.3)%的8条级联γ跃迁所组成的79Kr高自旋超形变转动带.除了在转动频率ω>0.95MeV处急剧下降外,该带的动力学转动惯量近乎常数(22ñ2/MeV)并被解释为具有四极形变参数β2=0.51以及本征侵入组态为π5ν5High-spinstates in 79Kr were populated via the fusion evaporation reaction 55Mn (30Si,αpn)at 130 MeV.Promptγ γγcharged particle coincidences were measured by using the GASP array in conjunction with the ΔE×E Si(Au) charged particle ball.Asuperdeformed band consisting of 8 γray transitions with an intensity of (2.7±0.3)% has been indentified in 79Kr.The dynamic moment of inertia for the band is nearly constant at approxately 22ñ2/MeV below arotational frequency of 0.95 MeV...
多奇异性原子核
曾月新, 彭光雄, 宁平治
1997, 14(4): 222-226. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.14.04.222
摘要:
原子核只能由无奇异性(奇异量子数S=0)的核子组成吗?近来的理论预言指出,除了已知的S=-1和S=-2的超核外,还有可能存在S≤-3的多奇异性原子核,它们或者是由A个重子(核子和超子)构成的弱束缚多体系统,或者是由禁闭在一个“口袋”里的3A个夸克(u、d、s夸克)构成的束缚较强的多体系统.实验研究者们正在计划或已经开始寻找这些系统. Can nucleus consists only of nonstrange nucleons(strangeness quantum number S=0)?Recent theoretical investigations suggest that in addition to known hypernuclei with S=-1,-2,there is exsiting possibility to produce multistrange nuclear systems with S≤-3,which may be conventional bound sysytems made up of A baryons ( nucleons and hyperons) or more deeply bound manybody systems consisting of 3 A quarks(u,d,s quarks) which are confined in a“bag”.These systems are underway or planned experimentaly.
放射性核束(RIB)的物理前沿
刘冠华
1997, 14(4): 227-234. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.14.04.227
摘要:
介绍了世界上主要的放射性核束装置,并对当前放射性核束物理研究的前沿方向作了评述.同时,也展望了放射性核束装置的发展趋势.Several Radioactive Ion Beam (RIB) lines are briefly introduced in this paper, and the main frontier fields of RIB physics are reviewed.In the last section,the developing trends of RIB setup are prospected. 
高能核-核碰撞中蒸发碎片的研究
刘福虎
1997, 14(4): 235-238. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.14.04.235
摘要:
在高能核-核碰撞中,基于简单的模型计算,描述了来自弹核和靶核旁观体的蒸发碎片的多重数分布与角分布. Based on the simple modelling calculation,the multiplicity and angular distribution of evaporated fragments from both projectile and target spectators in high energy nucleus-nucleus collisions are described.
交叉学科
肖特基质谱仪
戴光曦
1997, 14(4): 239-242. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.14.04.239
摘要:
肖特基(Schottky)精密质量谱仪,是建立在GSI所(当今核研究的领导所)电子冷却存储环(ESR)上的精密质量谱仪,它对轻中量核与重核的测量精度Δm/m分别达到5×10-6,和5×10-7.该谱仪为非阻挡型极灵敏的,甚至可测出一个裸核的测量设备,是冷却存储环束流诊断的可靠仪器,又是一台作核反应和核谱学研究的精密质量测定的谱仪. A Schottky precise mass spectroscope in lightmedium and in heavier nuclei with the mass resolution of Δm/m=5×10-6                  or 5×10-7, respectively,has been successfully built up and operated well at ESR ( Experimental Storage Ring cooled by electron beam) in G SI,the leading nuclear research institute.The spectroscope is anonstop of the beam type with quite sensitive,even one nucleus can be measured,setup that is a beam diagnosis relia ble instrument for the cooling beam in ESR...
重离子治癌中的三维剂量成形方式
李强, 卫增泉
1997, 14(4): 243-246. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.14.04.243
摘要:
介绍了重离子治癌装置HIMAC和HITAG的三维剂量成形方式;对一种正在设计中的重离子对肿瘤的照射方式进行了分析,旨在为HIRFL及HIRFL-CSR所提供的离子束设计三维剂量成形方案. Threedimensional dose shaping methods in heavy-ion therapy facilities,HI MAC and HITAG are introduced.A new tumor irradiation pattern with heavyion beam which is being designed is analyzed.It aims at choosing suitable threedimensional dose shaping planning for heavyion beam supplied by HIRFL and the proposed HIRFL-CSR.
重离子辐射权重因数与辐射损伤模型研究进展
张纯祥, 刘小伟
1997, 14(4): 247-250. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.14.04.247
摘要:
以第五届国际重离子在生物医学中应用会议和第十届国际辐射研究大会为背景,讨论了重离子生物学效应因数、辐射损伤生物物理模型和物理参数的表征等问题. Based on the fifth workshop on heavy charged particles in biology and medicine and the 10 th international congress of radiation research,the biological effects of heavy ions and biophysical models of heavy ions are discussed.
长寿命核废物嬗变处理的研究综述
张玉山
1997, 14(4): 251-258. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.14.04.251
摘要:
介绍了长寿命高放核废物的中子嬗变原理及各国在该领域的发展动态.中子嬗变问题的提出及研究工作的发展已有二十多年的历史.自从90年代以来该领域非常活跃,国际会议也比较频繁.此外,还介绍了我国在该领域内的发展态势及今后工作的展望. The fundamentals of transmutation of long-lived nuclear power radiowaste and the development aspects of different countries in this field are presented.There have been more than twenty years′history since the first work comes out and the field appears very active after nineties.The situation of China and future prospects in the field are also introduced.
核能与核数据库
用于TRIGA堆计算的WIMS-D/4核数据库的评价
陈伟, 谢仲生, 江新标, 陈达
1997, 14(4): 259-263. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.14.04.259
摘要:
分别应用NJOY和GASKET程序将ZrH中H、166Er和167Er核素的69群微观截面补充到WIMS程序的核数据库中,形成了用于TRIGA堆计算的WIMS-CNDC库和WIMS-NINT库.为了评价这两个核数据库是否正确,将它们与国际上通用的TRIGA堆计算库WIMS-IJS作了比较,验证了氢化锆中氢的声子特征;采用上述三种库分别计算了TRIGA堆燃料栅元(标准-8.5燃料元件、标准12燃料元件、LEU燃料元件和FLIP燃料元件)的群常数、倍增因子随燃耗的变化以及燃料的负温度系数,并对结果进行了分析比较.结果表明,WIMS-CNDC库和WIMS-NINT库适用于TRIGA堆的计算. The 69 groups constants of Hin ZrH,166Er and 167Er generated by NJOY and GASKET codes are inserted into WIMS nuclear data library WIMSCNDC and WIMSNINT libraries used on RTIGA rector calculation are obtainedIn order to check WIMSCNDC and WIMSNINT libraries,the scattering crosssection is compared with that in WIMSIJS library.The group constant,K->∞ and temperature coefficient are calculated by using WIMSC NDC,WIMSNINT and WIMSIJS.The results show the both libraries are...