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2011年  第28卷  第1期

核物理
低能重离子碰撞产生超重核动力学机制(英文)
冯兆庆, 靳根明, 李君清
2011, 28(1): 1-22. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.28.01.001
摘要:
总结了描述重系统碰撞形成超重核的主要理论模型进展。基于两类反应机制,即熔合蒸发反应和大质量阻尼反应, 对产生超重核的物理过程进行了讨论。分析了超重核形成过程中碰撞系统的俘获、 复合核的形成及蒸发退激描述存在的问题。 基于双核模型分析了合成冷熔合反应和 48Ca诱发全熔合反应之间的超重新核素的可能性。 利用锕系核碰撞的转移反应产生子壳N=162附件丰中子重核的可行性, 研究了壳效应对丰中子核素产生的影响。 进一步讨论了将来基于丰中子强流放射性束合成超重核的可行性。 We present a review of the recent progress of theoretical models on the description of the superheavy nucleus formation in heavy ion collisions. Two sorts of reactions that are the fusionevaporation mechanism and the massive damped collisions to produce superheavy nuclei are discussed. Problems and further improvements of the capture of colliding partners, the formation of compound nucleus and the deexcitation process are pointed out. Possible combinations for the synthesis of the superheavy nuclei in between the roducts of the cold fusion and 48Ca induced reactions are proposed by the calculations based on the dinuclear system model and also compared with other
approaches. The synthesis of neutronrich heavy isotopes near subshell closure N=162 via transfer reactions in the damped collisions of two actinides and the influence of shell closure on the production of heavy isotopes are investigated. Prospective possibility to reach superheavy nuclei near N=184 via neutronrich radioactive beams of high intensity in the future is discussed.
超重元素的气相化学研究
雷富安, 林茂盛, 郭俊盛, 白静, 范芳丽, 丁华杰, 吴晓蕾, 秦芝, #
2011, 28(1): 23-35. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.28.01.023
摘要:
对当前国际上超重元素气相化学性质实验研究的现状进行了综述, 简单介绍了用于气相化学研究的超重元素合成方法和超重元素气相化学实验技术的发展历程。 综述了超重元素Rf, Db, Sg, Bh, Hs 和112 号元素的气相化学性质研究的实验进展情况。 最后介绍了我国在超重新核素合成、 超重元素气相化学研究等方面所取得的成果, 并展望了在超重元素气相化学性质研究方面的前景。 The present status of the chemical properties investigation for superheavy elements was described in this paper. The synthesis of superheavy elements and the experimental techniques used in stu dies on the gas phase chemistry of superheavy elements were briefly introduced. The current experimental studies about the gaschromatography of Rf, Db, Sg, Bh, Hs and element 112 were discussed in detail. Finally, the development of synthesis of superheavy elements and the study on gas phase chemical properties of superheavy elements in China were prospected.
一个在BaBar、BES和Belle实验上发现的新强子(英文)
刘翔
2011, 28(1): 36-40. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.28.01.036
摘要:
BaBar合作组在 e+e-→f0(980) 衰变道的 f0(980) 不变质量谱上发现了一个新强子态Y(2175)。 随后, BES和Belle实验都相继证实了这一发现。 与此同时, 理论家们也对Y(2175)的内部性质进行了大量的研究。 本工作对目前Y(2175)在实验和理论上的进展进行了详细的评述。同时,讨论了在f0(980) 不变质量谱中的2175 MeV以上能区寻找其它增长结构的可能性。Since the BaBar Collaboration announced a new hadron Y(2175) observed in the f0(980) invariant mass spectrum of e+e-→ f0(980), both BES and Belle confirmed BaBar’s observation. Meanwhile, the theorist also carries out the study to reveal the underlying properties of Y(2175). In this review paper, we give a detailed review of the present experimental and theoretical statues of Y(2175). In terms of the published experimental data of Y(2175), we also discuss the possibility of searching for other enhancement structures
after 2175 MeV in the f0(980) invariant mass spectrum.
A≈110质量区奇A核形状演化研究
周厚兵, 周小红, #, 张玉虎, 郑勇, 李广顺, M.Oshima, Y.Toh, M.Koizumi, A. Osa, Y.Hatsukawa
2011, 28(1): 41-43. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.28.01.041
摘要:
应用E-GOS(E-Gamma Over Spin)曲线方法研究了A≈110质量区奇A核结构随角动量增加的演化, 发现随着角动量的增加原子核的激发特性从振动逐渐演化为转动。 The E-GOS(E-Gamma Over Spin)curves were used to investigate the structure evolution in the oddA nuclei around A≈110 as a function of spin. The result shows that there is a clear transition from vibration to rotation while increasing spin.
Wigner函数的性质及其在一维无限深势阱和一维谐振子中的应用
徐皓, 石田君
2011, 28(1): 44-50. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.28.01.044
摘要:
首先介绍了Wigner函数的基本性质以及以Wigner函数为基础的相空间定态微扰理论,然后将其应用到一维无限深势阱和谐振子。 推导出一维无限深势阱所对应的Wigner函数,而且发现了存在于其纯态Wigner函数中奇特的压缩效应, 并利用不确定性关系给予了解释。同时计算出一维无限深势阱和谐振子在微扰的作用下,相应Wigner函数和能级的修正。 In this article, the qualities of Wigner function and the corresponding stationary perturbation theory are introduced and applied to one dimensional infinite potential well and onedimensional harmonic oscillator, and then the particular Wigner function of onedimensional infinite potential well is specified and a special constriction effect in its pure state Wigner function is discovered, to which, simultaneously, a detailed and reasonable explanation is elaborated from the perspective of uncertainty principle. Ultimately, the amendment of Wigner function and energy of onedimensional infinite potential well and one dimensional harmonic oscillator under perturbation are calculated according to stationary phase space perturbation theory.
球对称非谐势阱中玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚Gross-Pitaevskii方程的精确解
王艳, 郝瑞宇
2011, 28(1): 51-54. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.28.01.051
摘要:
考虑了描述玻色爱因斯坦凝聚的Gross-Pitaevskii(GP)方程, 得到了在球对称非谐势阱中玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚GP方程的精确亮孤子解。In this paper, we analyze GrossPitaevskii equation which describes the dynamics of a bright soliton in trapped atomic BoseEinstein condensates, and obtain the exact bright soliton solution of GrossPitaevskii equation in sphericallysymmetric nonharmonic trap.
加速器
二极铁均匀场修正
唐兵, 崔保群, 马瑞刚, 姜冲, 马鹰俊, 陈立华, 蒋渭生
2011, 28(1): 55-57. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.28.01.055
摘要:
HI-13串列加速器升级工程中的ISOL高质量分辨谱仪要求20000的质量分辨率, 分析磁铁磁场均匀性要求好于1×10-5。 要达到这样高的磁场均匀性, 必须对磁铁进行垫补。 介绍了二极铁表面线圈垫补均匀场的设计方法和制作工艺, 并且基于现有的一块C型二极铁对表面线圈垫补均匀场的方法进行了实验研究。 实验结果表明, 采用表面线圈垫补后, 场均匀性提高了一个数量级, 积分场的均匀性从5×10-4提高到3×10-5The mass resolving power of ISOL’s spectrometer for Beijing Radioactive Ionbeam Facilities project is 20000, which requires the field uniformity of the magnet better than 1×10-5. To achieve such a high uniformity field,field optimize is indispensable. This paper presents the design method,manufacture techniques and experiment results of surface coils,which are set on pole face of a dipole to improve the magnetic field homogeneity. The integral field uniformity with surface coil is optimized to 3×10-5 from 5×10-4,which is improved roughly an order of magnitude.
基于FPGA的Super-FRS超导二极磁铁样机失超探测系统
杨通军, 袁平, #, 吴巍, 何源, 韩少斐, 姚庆高, 马力祯
2011, 28(1): 58-62. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.28.01.058
摘要:
介绍了FAIR项目Super-FRS超导二极磁铁样机的基于FPGA的失超探测系统。该失超探测系统采用平衡桥路法, 并通过两组独立桥路以消除失超探测死区。 通过NI PXI7830R FPGA模块实现平滑滤波和失超判断算法,并给出失超触发信号。失超数据采集模块采用预采样技术, 将失超前后一段时间内的数据采集下来,以便进行后续分析。 通过测试,失超探测模块准确检测到了失超的发生, 并触发失超保护电路和失超数据采集模块工作,有效地保护了超导二极磁铁。 : The quench detection system for SuperFRS superferric dipole prototype magnet of FAIR has been designed and built. The balance bridge was used to detect quench signal. In order to avoid blind zone of quench detection, two independent bridges were used. NI PXI7830R FPGA was used to implement filter to quench signal and algorithm of quench decision and to produce quench trigger signal. Presample technique was used in quench data acquisition. The data before and after quench could be recorded for analysis later. The test result indicated that the quench of the dipole’s superconducting coil could be reliably detected by the quench detection module.
正弦平方势与环形加速器的弯晶束流引出
范丽仙, 罗诗裕, 邵明珠
2011, 28(1): 63-67. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.28.01.063
摘要:
在经典力学框架内和偶极近似下, 引入正弦平方势, 把粒子在弯晶中的运动方程化为具有固定力矩的摆方程。 利用Jacobian椭圆函数和椭圆积分分析了系统的相平面特征。 导出了弯晶的最大偏转能量、 退道系数和退道长度。 计算结果表明, 对于曲率半径为1 m, 能量为1.0 GeV的质子, Si(110)面沟道的引出效率为70%; 对于MeV范围的粒子, 退道长度大约是μm量级; 对于TeV范围的粒子, 退道长度可达1 m以上。 In the classical mechanics frame and the dipole approximation the particle motion equation in bent crystal is reduced to the pendulum equation with a constant momentum by using the sinesquared potential.The phase planar properties are analysed by means of Jacobian elliptic function and the elliptic integral. The maximum deflected energy, the dechanneling factor and the dechanneled length are derived. The results show that the extrated efficiency is 70% for a proton beam with energy E=1.0 GeV moved in the channel on Si(110) if a radius of curvature R=1 m; and dechanneled length is of the order of μm for the particles with MeV energy; the dechanneled length is above 1 meter for the particle with TeV energy.
核技术
MICROMEGAS探测器初步测试
鲁辰桂, 段利敏, #, 杨贺润, 马朋, 唐述文, 耿朋, 胡荣江, 张金霞, 李祖玉
2011, 28(1): 68-70. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.28.01.068
摘要:
介绍了一种利用鱼线做放大区间隔的MICROMEGAS探测器, 灵敏面积为50 mm ×50 mm。 在Ar+CO2(10%)气体条件下, 利用55Fe源5.9 keV的 X射线对MICROMEGAS探测器进行了初步测试: 计数率大于103 Hz的条件下, 计数率坪长达到280 V; 当栅极电压在800 V时能量分辨为30%; 当增益高于104时打火率低于10-4; PCB板读出条周期为400 μm条件下的位置分辨好于120 μm。 结果表明, 研制的MICROMEGAS探测器达到了初步设计的基本要求。 In this paper,A MICROMEGAS(MicroMeshGaseous Structure) detector with the amplification gap defined by stretching nylon fishing lines has been described . And its count plateau, gas gain and energy resolution in the condition of a 55Fe Xray source and ArCO2 (10%) mixture gases are measured as functions of mesh voltage. The count plateau approaches 280 V at the count rate of 103 Hz. The discharge rate is less than 10-4 when the gas gain is up to 104. The energy resolution is 30% (FWHM) based on -800 V mesh voltage. The position resolution is less than 120 μm at the condition of the sensitive area (50 mm×50 mm) Printed Circuit Boards (PCB) and its strip pitch of 400 μm. The results can satisfy the basic demand of MICROMEGAS detector preliminary design.
液滴室内的氢液滴超冷条件下的结晶(英文)
李占奎, 魏计房, 戎欣娟, 袁小华
2011, 28(1): 71-77. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.28.01.071
摘要:
液滴室内超冷现象的存在使得氢微球在自身温度低于其三相点温度的情况下依然处于液态。这可能导致液滴在真空注入过程中发生碎裂。结合液氢的超冷知识, 对液滴室内的氢液滴进行了热力学模拟, 理论上提出了利于氢液滴尽快冷却成固体小丸的最佳实验条件, 即保持液滴室内氦背景气体和氢蒸汽的压强尽可能低, 并将液滴室长度延长到6 cm以上。Because of the existence of supercooling in a droplet formation chamber, the hydrogen microspheres are still in liquid phase even though their temperature is lower than the triplepoint temperature. This may cause the droplets to shatter in the vacuum injection capillary. Based on the knowledge about supercooling of liquid hydrogen, we have done a thermodynamic simulation of the droplets in the droplet formation chamber, and theoretically suggested the optimal working conditions under which the droplets will most properly nucleate to solid pellets. The suggested working conditions are that the heliumgas pressure and the hydrogen vapor pressure in the droplet formation chamber are kept as low as possible, and the droplet formation chamber should be noless than 6 cm in the length.
加速器质谱测量53Mn及其在地球科学中的应用
董克君, 陈志刚, 何明, 刘广山, 李朝历, 游曲波, 刘建成, 武绍勇, 王祥高, 沈洪涛, 李振宇, 李士琢, 龚杰, 张伟, 贺国珠, 何贤文, 金春生, 王伟, 袁坚, 姜山, #
2011, 28(1): 78-82. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.28.01.078
摘要:
宇宙成因核素 53Mn是一种非常理想的地貌演变研究工具。近年来, 随着加速器质谱(AMS)技术的不断发展, 人们已能够进行53Mn的高灵敏测量。介绍了53Mn在地球科学中的应用前景、 国际研究现状及中国原子能科学研究院目前正在开展的53Mn高灵敏AMS测量方法的研究。The determination of cosmogenic 53Mn concentrations found in terrestrial formations has many interesting applications for Earth Sciences. With Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) it should be possible to detect minute amounts of 53Mn. The situation of international research of 53Mn AMS measurement and applications are presented. The AMS measurement method of 53Mn at China Institute of Atomic Energy and its applications prospect are to be explored.
中子、γ射线在稀土-高分子材料中的输运(英文)
呼延雪莹, 胡碧涛#
2011, 28(1): 83-87. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.28.01.083
摘要:
为研究新型复合屏蔽材料的最佳厚度与各种成分最佳配比, 用MCNP计算了中子、 γ射线在稀土 高分子与重金属复合材料中的通量。 对中子、 γ射线在屏蔽体中变化规律进行了深入探索, 同传统复合屏蔽材料的屏蔽性能进行了对比。 结果表明, 中子和γ射线通过屏蔽体时, 其强度遵循指数衰减规律。 新型屏蔽材料对中子的屏蔽效果均优于铅硼聚乙烯, 对γ射线的屏蔽效果均劣于W Ni合金, 且并非稀土含量越高, 材料对中子辐射屏蔽能力越强。 A series of shielding analyses have been performed to estimate the material composition and optimum thickness required for a new radiation shield with various rareearth doped polymer and heavy metal mixtures. The neutron and γ photon fluxes have been calculated by Monte Carlo NParticle(MCNP) transport code. The results indicate that the relative fluxes of γ photon and neutron in both traditional and new composite materials follow an exponential decay rule with the distance of penetration. It can be seen that the composite material consisting of rareearth doped polymer and heavy metal has stronger neutron shielding performance than leadboron polyethylene, but weaker γ shielding effectiveness than WNi alloy. It is also found that materials with more components of rare earth elements don’t always provide better neutron shielding performance.
面向空间高能重离子与辐射屏蔽材料的反应截面地基研究
张斌团, 李文建, 党秉荣, 王转子, 魏巍, 荆西刚, 王弼乾
2011, 28(1): 88-96. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.28.01.088
摘要:
空间辐射尤其是高能重离子辐射可造成生物机体的严重损伤, 所以对高能重离子进行恰当的辐射屏蔽, 成为实现载人航天的关键性因素之一。 研究表明, 由于高能重离子与不同屏蔽材料发生相互作用, 所产生的核碎片等次级粒子, 直接影响空间辐射屏蔽材料的屏蔽性能研究和屏蔽结构设计。 介绍了太空辐射的分类与组成, 综述了国际地基辐射屏蔽材料与实验现状。 根据文献中的地基实验数据, 重点描述了被动式屏蔽方法: 以相近能量多种重离子, 不同能量的56Fe和28Si重离子分别与C, H, Al和Cu材料相互作用的总反应截面和碎片产生截面, 并结合510 MeV/u 56Fe与不同厚度CH2相互作用产生的碎片通量分布、 碎片平均LET分布和不同厚度CH2的单位入射离子剂量减少量等方面, 系统讨论分析了C, H, Al, Cu和CH2等常用空间辐射屏蔽材料的屏蔽性能。 Cosmic radiation, particularly the highenergy heavyion radiation, may cause serious injury on living organism. Therefore, it is one of critical restriction factor in Manned Spaceflight. Studies show that highenergy heavy ions interacting with the shielding materials can produce numerous kinds of fragments and secondaries. These particles have a direct impact on evaluation of shielding properties of different shielding materials, the optimal shielding structure design and lowdose evaluation after shielding materials. From perspectives of divisions of cosmic rays and passive shielding methods, this paper introduces the groundbased research of shielding materials. The passive shielding method was discussed, based on the experimental data of the total cross sections and fragment(production) cross sections of the aspects of different heavy ions with approximately same energy and 56Fe, 28Si heavy ions with different energies on H, C, CH2, Al and Cu radiation shielding materials. In addition, the fragment fluency distribution, the average LET distribution and the dose reduction per particle of 510 MeV/u 56Fe in different depth of CH2 material were also discussed.
光子能量沉积计算的一种新方法
邱有恒, 应阳君, 王敏, 陈行良
2011, 28(1): 97-102. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.28.01.097
摘要:
光子沉积能广泛地应用于放射医疗和辐射防护领域。 MCNP程序中*F8功能统计的是进出网格的光子与电子能量差。 *F8只能采用真实网格, 计算效率较低。 由于光子的能量沉积都是通过次级电子来完成的, 对光子能量沉积的计算可转换为次级电子能量沉积的计算。 文中据此给出了一种新的光子能量沉积统计方法, 该方法只统计次级电子能量沉积, 且可以采用虚拟网格计数。 新方法若采用真实网格, 计算精度与效率与*F8完全一样; 若采用虚拟网格, 新方法计算精度略低, 但几何建模简单, 计算效率较高。 Energy deposition distribution is very important to study radiotherapy or radioprotection. The *F8 method of MCNP program counts the energy loss of photon and electron together. Only real grid is allowed to *F8, so its computation efficiency is low. This paper gives a new calculation method for energy deposition of photon. Because the energy deposition of photon is accomplished by secondary electron, only electron is counted in the new method. The real collision of the electron is counted by the new method, whereas *F8 only counts the information of particle across the interface. Moreover, virtual grid is allowed in the new method. With real grid, the new method has the same precision and efficiency as *F8. If virtual grid is adopted by the new method, although the precision is slightly down, the efficiency is greatly increased.
交叉学科
调强放射治疗子野权重优化方法研究
裴曦, 曹瑞芬, 景佳, 程梦云, 郑华庆, 李佳, 黄善清, 李贵, 宋钢, 汪卫华, 吴宜灿, FDS团队
2011, 28(1): 103-108. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.28.01.103
摘要:
由于子野分割带来的误差, 使得调强放疗(IntensityModulated Radiation Therapy, 简称IMRT)计划系统所制作的计划往往不能满足临床要求。 本研究将采用基于共轭梯度法的子野权重优化方法来减小此误差, 提高制作计划的效率和效果。 采用共轭梯度法优化子野权重和微调子野形状, 最终使得子野分割前后强度误差最小。 在精确放疗系统中对常见的临床病例(鼻咽癌和周围性肺癌)进行测试, 通过对比靶区和危及器官的剂量体积直方图以及CT片上的等剂量线, 发现子野权重优化后靶区的平均剂量分别从87.0%提高到100.2%和从90.0%提高到98.4%, 更好地满足临床要求。
12C6+束辐照引起的实验猪皮肤急性损伤反应的研究
武振华, 张红, #, 杨荣, 王小虎, 刘斌, 张保平, 赵卫平, 刘新国, 马晓飞, 刘玮, 张录卫, 顾怀安
2011, 28(1): 109-113. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.28.01.109
摘要:
探讨了正常皮肤对重离子辐照急性损伤反应的耐受性, 为重离子治癌临床应用提供安全性检测的实验依据。实验前10 min, 实验猪肌肉注射复方氯胺酮1.2 mg/kg进行麻醉, 然后在兰州重离子研究装置(HIRFL)辐照终端利用12C6+束照射, 辐照剂量分别为0, 12, 21和27 Gy, 辐照分3次完成, 剂量率约为1.2 Gy/min, Bragg峰区照射, 辐照后每隔7 d对照射野拍照并活检取样, 做HE组织病理学观察。不同剂量12C6+离子束辐照实验猪皮肤后, 皮肤外观反应随辐照剂量增大而加快, 表现为肿胀和色素沉积等; 皮肤组织结构的变化明显, 上皮细胞排列紊乱、 萎缩、 空泡变性; 基本恢复正常所需时间也越长, 且都存在明显的剂量效应关系。结果表明, 辐照剂量范围为0—27 Gy时, 重离子对正常皮肤的辐照是安全的。The tolerance of the normal skin to the acute radiation injury reaction induced by heavy ion beams has been studied experimentally. The experimental pigs were injected with 1.2 mg/kg ketamine in 10 min before irradiation and were irradiated with 0, 12 , 21 and 27 Gy 12C6+ ion at a dose rate of 1.2 Gy/min at the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou(HIRFL). The total radiation dose was finished by 3 times at Bragg Peak Region of Heavy Ion Beams.The radiation fields of skin were taken photo and performed biopsy. The contaneous tissues of radiation fields were stained by HE and examined histopatholo gical changes every seven days after irradiation. The results indicated that the cutaneous appearance reaction became more faster with radiation dosage rising and presented with swollen, melanin forming and so on after irradiated by the carbon ions at different dosage. The Pathological examination showed noticeable changes in histological and structural of experimental pigs skin, such as atrophy, vacuolation, denaturation and arranged irregularly in epithelial cells. Furthermore, the time for return to normality became longer with the increasing of radiation dosage. All indexes demonstrated correlation between the does and effects. It is concluded that the irradiation of heavy ion beams to normal skin is security when the radiation dose range is about 0—27 Gy.
模拟微重力效应对辐射致细胞DNA损伤修复效应的影响
王弼乾, 李文建, #, 王转子, 党秉荣, 魏巍, 荆西刚, 张斌团
2011, 28(1): 114-117. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.28.01.114
摘要:
在地面模拟微重力的情况下, 应用碱性单细胞凝胶电泳(SCGE)技术对80 MeV/u Ne离子辐射诱发人血淋巴细胞DNA损伤修复效应进行了研究。 在不同时刻对相同剂量辐照后的淋巴细胞经单细胞电泳处理后显示, 在模拟微重力下孵育的彗星尾更长, 彗星头面积更小。 这表明, 相对地面环境而言, 模拟微重力环境对淋巴细胞的DNA损伤修复有一定的抑制作用。
Effect of the modeled microgravity (MMG) on heavy ioninduced lymphocytes DNA repair by using single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) has been studied. The results showed that residual DNA damage induced by Ne ions irradiation increased more in cultures incubated in MMG than in 1 g, which indicated that MMG incubation after Ne ions irradiation reduce the DNA damage repair capacity.
X射线辐照引起的线粒体D310片段突变的快速检测
张昕, 周鑫, 张红, #
2011, 28(1): 118-121. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.28.01.118
摘要:
采用4 Gy X射线辐照人乳腺癌细胞MCF7, 分别在照射后0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 48, 72和144 h时间点收集细胞, 提取DNA并以聚合酶链式反应进行扩增, 再以BsaXI限制性内切酶对扩增产物进行消化, 消化产物以琼脂糖凝胶电泳进行分离。 结果表明, 4 Gy X射线辐照可引起D310片段突变, 且该突变在经辐照之后144 h检测水平明显超过野生型。 Human breast cancer cell line MCF7 was irradiated with 4 Gy Xray, collected at 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 48, 72, 144 h after irradiation, respectively. Whole genome DNA including mtDNA were extracted at each time point, and amplified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR). Then the PCR product was subjected to BSAXI digestion, all of digestion product then underwent a brief electrophoresis. Results showed D310 mutation can be induced by 4 Gy Xray irradiation and D310 mutation can overwhelm the normal phenotype 144 h after irradiation.
不同LET C离子束对粘红酵母菌的突变效应分析
孙海宁, 王菊芳, #, 马爽, 陆栋, 吴鑫, 李文建
2011, 28(1): 122-125. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.28.01.122
摘要:
以粘红酵母菌Rhodotorula glutinis AY 91015为材料, 研究了不同传能线密度(LET)的C离子对粘红酵母菌的失活截面和突变截面, 评估了不同LET的C离子对微生物的失活效应和突变效应。 结果表明, C离子LET为120.0 keV/μm时, 单个粒子对粘红酵母菌的失活截面最大, 为4.37 μm2, 接近酵母菌细胞核的平均核截面; LET为96.0 keV/μm时, 单个粒子对粘红酵母菌的突变截面最大。 通过对C离子束致突变能力的分析发现, C离子在LET为58.2 keV/μm时突变能力最强, 这一结果显示在经C离子辐照后存活下来的粘红酵母菌中, 可以引起有效突变的最佳LET为58.2 keV/μm左右, 此时所对应的碳离子能量约为35 MeV/u。 这些结果表明, C离子对粘红酵母菌的最佳致死效应和最佳致突变效应存在于不同的能量区域。 To evaluate inactive and mutagenic effects of carbon beam at different LET, the inactivation cross section and mutation cross section induced by carbon beams of different LET values were investigated in a red yeast strain Rhodotorula glutinis AY 91015. It was found that the maximum inactivation cross section of 4.37μm2 , which was very close to the average nucleus cross section, was at LET of 120.0 keV/μm. The maximum mutation cross section was at LET of 96.0 keV/μm. Meanwhile, the highest mutagenicity of carbon ion was found around 58.2 keV/μm. It implied that the most efficient LET to induce mutation in survival yeasts was 58.2 keV/μm, which corresponded to energy of 35 MeV/u carbon beam. The most effective carbon beam to induce inactivation and mutation located at different energy region.
核仁的细胞辐射应激功能研究进展
畅磊, 周光明, #
2011, 28(1): 126-129. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.28.01.126
摘要:
核仁是细胞核内核糖体合成、 加工的场所。 最近研究发现核仁参与多种细胞过程, 其中最为重要的就是细胞应激反应。 核仁作为细胞应激感受器, 调控ARF等多种蛋白的定位及P53等关键蛋白的活性等, 从而介导细胞的应激反应。 对核仁的细胞辐射应激功能研究进展进行了综述。 Nucleoli is the sites for ribosome synthesis and processing, however, recent approaches have revealed that it is also involved in variety of cellular processes, especially the cellular stress response. As sensors, nucleoli regulate the localization of nucleolar proteins, such as (Alternate Reading Frame, ARF), and the activation of key factors, such as P53, and consequently mediate the cellular stress response. In this paper, recent progress in the studies on nucleolar functions in cellular stress response to radiation is reviewed.
核能与核数据
时空中子倍增公式解法研究
郝建立, 陈文振, 王少明
2011, 28(1): 130-134. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.28.01.130
摘要:
通过将空间概念引入中子倍增公式, 建立了时空中子倍增公式, 针对时空中子倍增公式计算时间效率过低的缺点, 对时空倍增公式的计算方法进行了研究, 新解法在保证精确性的基础上, 又提高了计算效率。新的计算方法可以应用于研究反应堆反应性发生动态变化的情况, 例如反应堆启堆或停堆以及变功率运行的过程, 对具有很强机动性要求的小型反应堆的安全分析有一定的理论意义和实用价值。 The spacetime neutron multiplication formula was established by introducing the concept of spacetime to the neutron multiplication formula. Because of the rather long computing time by using the formula, the solution of spacetime neutron multiplication formula is optimized which is efficient and accurate. The new method can be used to study the reactor with dynamic change in reactivity. It can be also used for studying the process of startup, outage and powerdrawn operation, which is of great importance to the safety analysis of the mini nuclear reactor.