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1996年  第13卷  第1期

核物理
新同位素175Er
张学谦, 袁双贵, 杨维凡, 郭天瑞, 李宗伟, 于暹, 牟万统, 杜一飞
1996, 13(1): 1-2. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.13.01.001
摘要:
简介首次合成新核素175Er及对其衰变纲图测定的实验方法和实验结果. the synthesis and γ decay scheme of new isotope175Er is reported for the first time.The related experimental process and main results are represented briefly also.
粒子的径迹结构与径向剂量分布
张纯祥, 罗达玲
1996, 13(1): 3-7. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.13.01.003
摘要:
概述了重离子径向剂量分布的实验和用连续慢化方法计算径向剂量分布方面的进展.
裸核与重类氢离子研究
戴光曦
1996, 13(1): 8-11. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.13.01.008
摘要:
中性原子的核与全剥0离电子的裸核在核衰变行为上将会出现A链上相邻两核素的正负β衰变的反置,从而修改了β稳定线.现代技术已有可能产生直到最重的铀裸核,并能存贮一定时间。这就可能对很重的类氢离子的S电子兰姆移位和它们的扭精细分劈值进行精确测量,从而检验量子电动力学(QED).简要介绍产生并存贮裸核的最新成就,在更高一级的水平上,将核物理与原子物理的研究结合起来。 In behaviour of nuclear disintegration a couple of nuclei linked by β+decay would be reversed by β-decay,when these nuclei are changed from neutral to nude state that results in the revision of β-stability line.With the nude nucleus β-decay into atomic bound states is noted by βb.By the modern technology it Is possible to produce up to Uranium nude nucleus which can be kept for a certain time.With the nude nuclei or H-like ions,the βb, theLamb shift on S-electron and the hyperfine splitting for...
电核物理实验
石宗仁
1996, 13(1): 12-15. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.13.01.012
摘要:
评述电子探针、现代连续波加速器极化技术和核电技术的科学计划. The electron probe,modern continueous wave accelerators, polarization te-chiniques and the scientific programs for electronuclear physics are surveyed.
HIRFL-CSR电子冷却系统
饶亦农, 夏佳文, 原有进, 魏宝文
1996, 13(1): 16-18. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.13.01.016
摘要:
建议中的兰州重离子加速器冷却贮存环(HIRFL-CSR)拟采用电子冷却方法将重离子束冷却到300MeV/u.最高电子能量为165keV,最大电子电流密度为0.244A/cm2.叙述了CSR电子冷却装置的初步方案. Electron cooling technique will be applied to the proposed Lanzhou heavy ion cooler-storage ring(HIRFL-CSR).A electron cooling device with a max-imum electron energy of 165keV and maximum current density of 0.244A/cm2 is planned to cool heavy ions up to energies of 300MeV/u.The prelimnary design for the cooling system is presented.
高能中微子与核乳胶碰撞中的多粒子产生
刘福虎, 孙君芬
1996, 13(1): 19-22. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.13.01.019
摘要:
介绍了高能中徽子与核乳胶碰撞中的多粒子产生,给出并讨论了簇射粒子和重电离粒子的多重数分布及簇射粒子的赝快度分布. In this paper,the ivestigate into the multiparticle Production in collisions of neutrino with emulsion at high energies is reported.The multiplicity distributions of shower and heavy particles,as well as the pseudorapidity distribution of shower particles are givel and discusse.
高能核核碰撞中反应系统的纵向扩展与横向激发
刘福虎
1996, 13(1): 23-27. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.13.01.023
摘要:
考虑到高能核核检撞中反应系统的纵向扩展与横向激发,用热化柱图像对簇射粒子的赝快度分布和横动量分布进行了描述,计算结果与CERNSPS能区的实验数据符合. The longitudinal extension and transverse excitation of interacting system in high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions are considered.The pseudorapldity and transverse momentum distributions of shower particles are described by the thermalized cylinder pic-ture. The calculated results are in agreement with the experimental data in CERN SPS ener-gy region.
一种简单的背散射处理方法
叶克江
1996, 13(1): 28-31. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.13.01.028
摘要:
阐述了利用离子束分析技术分析高温超导氧化物陶瓷Y-Ba-Cu-O中各成分含量的一般原理.运用α粒子在3.045MeV附近和O的弹性共振背散射以及卢瑟福背散射,得到了Y-Ba-Cu-O各成分的含量,并与质子X射线荧光分析的结果作了比较,提出了一种简单的背散射处理方法.该方法具有简单、快速、槽度高等优点. In this paper,the general principles of ion-beam analysis technique are de-scribed in analyzing element-contents of high-temperature superconductivity oxidised ceramic Y-Ba-Cu-O.We have obtained element-contents of Y-Ba-Cu-O by using the 3.045MeV He-4 elastic backscattering resonance(EBSR),Rutherford backscattering(RBS)and proton in--duced X-ray emission (PIX).A simple method are proposed,which deals with RBS and EBSR spectra. It is proved to be completely available.
核技术应用
宇航器件中的单粒子效应及其加速器地面模拟
侯明东, 马峰, 刘杰
1996, 13(1): 32-35. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.13.01.032
摘要:
描述了宇航半导体器件的单粒子效应的危害和研究方法,并介绍了用重离于加速器进行地面模拟研究的概况.The harm and investigation means of single event upset in spacecraft electronics are described and a survey of simulation test by using heavy ion accelerator is also given in this paper.
医用放射性同位素的生产和应用
庄友祥, 蔡敦九, 赵志祥
1996, 13(1): 36-39. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.13.01.036
摘要:
叙述了医用放射性同位素的选择标准和类型,编纂了30MeV以下质子强流加速器上可生产的医用放射性同位素和所需的核数据,并同已生产的堆照医用放射性同位素进行了比较. The choice criteria and categories for medical radioisotones are described.The medical radioisotopes Produced at intense proton accelerator with the energy below 30MeV and the related nuclear data are complied,and a eomprison with the reactor irradiated medi-cal radioisotopes is given.
重离子生物效应研究中的一些基本物理问题
卫增泉
1996, 13(1): 40-46. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.13.01.040
摘要:
从原子物理学理论出发,论述了重带电粒子(重离子)与生物介质相互作用的某些物理过程,对重离子生物效应研究中主要涉及的一些基本物理问题进行了讨论.它们是:重离子的能量损失;δ电子的发射;电子输送和径迹晕(或阴影);浓缩相效应和径迹芯. Some physical processes of the interaction between heavy charged particles(heavy ions) and biological medium are described according to the theory of atomic physics in the paper.Basic physical matters involved in research into the biological effects of heavy ions are discussed.They are energy loss of heavy ions,δ-electron emission, electron transport and track halo(penumbra),condensed phase and track core.
LY-1型核子皮带秤
叶克江, 雷存第, 李辛是, 刘兆远
1996, 13(1): 47-49. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.13.01.047
摘要:
对目前国内外核子皮带秤的技术现状作了全面的比较.并详细阐述了一种新型核子皮带秤的优点及其技术水平,提出了更接近实际的数据处理方法.
用X射线荧光分析圆珠笔签字中的微量元素
王能明, 陈素清, 陈剑瑄
1996, 13(1): 50-51. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.13.01.050
摘要:
利用放射性同位素激发X射线荧光方法,分析在圆珠笔签字中,不同产地圆珠笔墨汁中以及发票纸中的微量元素. By radioisotopic excited X-ray fluorescence method analysis of trace elements in signature of ballpen,ballpen ink made in different places and used in bill paper is briefly introduced in this paper.
核设施退役过程中减少职业性辐照剂量的途径
赵世信
1996, 13(1): 52-55. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.13.01.052
摘要:
介绍了商业规模反应堆正常退役所包容的主要放射性核素及其活度,反应堆工程在设计、建造和运行管理过程中如何考虑减少退役核设施的放射性源项以及核设施在退役过程中减少职业性辐照剂量的基本途径和方法. Radionuclides and their activity of commercial nuclear reactor during decom-missioning are briefly introduced.To reduce radiation source of decommissioning facilities and professional radiation during the decommissioning,the basic ways and measures in reac-tor design,construction,operation and decommissioning are also described.
核能研究应用与核数据库
受控热核聚变发展现况
曹栋兴
1996, 13(1): 56-58. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.13.01.056
摘要:
核聚变动力的应用将提供几乎是无限、清洁的新一代能源.当前已经看到受控热核聚变的科学可能性,在利用核聚变生产动力之前,还要解决其工艺技术可行性及经济竞争能力等问题.聚变裂变混合堆是改善其经济性和减少工艺技术难点的方向之一,还可创造一个核能利用的有效途径. An almost limitless and clean source of energy for future generation should be provided by the successful use of nuclear fusion for generating power.At present the scien-tific feasibility of controlled nuclear fusion is visible and before fusion can be harnessed for generating power,it will be necessary to develop suitable technology and to prove economic viability.The fusion-fission hybrid reactor is one way to improve the economy and to reduce the technological difflculties...
中国计算机化的核数据库建成
梁祺昌, 蔡敦九
1996, 13(1): 59-61. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.13.01.059
摘要:
中国评价核数据库第二版(CENDL-2)包含54个用于核工程的重要核的全套中子核数据,人射中子能量为10-5eV~20MeV,采用国际通用ENDF/B6格式.现在,中国计算机化核数据库已建成并投入使用.即用户在计算机终端上可通过完善的计算机软件系统在线使用国际上几个先进的(包括中国)评价核数据库或EXFOR实验核数据库,直接进行核工程计算或数据评价,享用核数据库资源,为发展其核能和核技术应用服务. The Second Version of Chinese Evaluated Nuclear Data Library(CENDL-2)includes the complete neutron nuclear data sets of 54 important elements and isotopes used for nuclear science and engineering with the Incident neutron energy from 10-5eV to 20 MeV,the international universal format ENDF/B 6 was adopted.Now,the Chinese Com-puterized nuclear data library has been developed and put into operation.That is,the users can make on-line use of the main data libraries for evaluated...