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2000年  第17卷  第1期

祝贺杨立铭先生80岁寿辰论文选
近垒和垒下重离子熔合裂变碎片各向异性的异常
张焕乔, 刘祖华, 许谨诚, 吕骏, 钱兴, 阮明, 谯愚, 林承键, 徐侃
2000, 17(1): 1-5. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.17.01.001
摘要:
系统总结了研究近垒和垒下重离子熔合裂变反应碎片各向异性的异常的结果 ,提出一个新的预平衡裂变模型,成功地解释了碎片各向异性的异常现象 .但对异常宽峰结构不能说明 ,有待进一步研究. Systematic summary on the anomalous anisotropies of fission fragments in near and sub barrier fusion fission reactions is presented. A new version of the preequilibrium fission model is put forward to explain the anomalous anisotropies of fission fragments, except the bump of anomaly. Further study is still needed.
手征SU(3)夸克模型与六夸克态的研究
张宗烨, 余友文, 袁秀青
2000, 17(1): 6-9. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.17.01.006
摘要:
用手征 SU( 3)夸克模型分析了 ( 0 s) 6组态的六夸克态能量 ,结果表明手征 SU( 3)介子场可以对某些多奇异数的态提供较强的吸引作用 .进一步用共振群方法研究了 ( ΩΩ) 0 + 及 ( ΩΞ) 1+ 等多奇异数系统 ,得到 ( ΩΩ) 0 是一个深度束缚的双重态. An analysis is made for the (0s) 6 six quark cluster states in the chiral SU (3) quark model. The results show that for some multistrangeness states the chiral SU (3) could offer more attraction. Further RGM dynamical calculation of the multistrangeness system (ΩΩ) 0+ and (ΩΞ) 1+ has been done. It shows that (ΩΩ) 0+ is a deeply bound state in the chiral SU (3) quark model.
核子自旋结构
王凡
2000, 17(1): 10-18. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.17.01.010
摘要:
简要介绍了夸克的发现、核子的夸克模型 ,详细讨论了夸克模型中核子内夸克自旋结构和极化轻子-核子深度非弹散射测量出的夸克自旋结构中的矛盾 .指出这个矛盾是由于对夸克自旋理解的混淆.最后还讨论了规范不变性和正则量子化两大物理学原则在夸克、电子轨道角动量上出现的矛盾. A simple introduction of the discovery of quark and the constituent quark model of nucleon have been given. The contradiction between the quark spin structure of nucleon of the constituent quark model and the measured one in the polarized deep inelastic lepton nucleon scattering has been explained in detail. It is elucidated that the so called “proton spin crisis” is due to quark spin confusion. The incompatibility between the requirement of gauge invariance and ...
21世纪核物理发展前沿探讨
王顺金
2000, 17(1): 19-21. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.17.01.019
摘要:
评述了对下个世纪核物理发展前景的两种看法 ,详细分析了 2 1世纪核物理学将发生的巨大变革,以及核物理学家面临的新挑战与新机遇.Different opinions about prospects of the development of nuclear physics in the 21st century are displayed, and indicating great opportunities and challenges faced by nuclear physicists in the future are analyzed in detail.
核子(强子)结构和性质的QCD研究
何汉新
2000, 17(1): 22-29. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.17.01.022
摘要:
核子 (强子 )是夸克、胶子的束缚态 ,由量子色动力学 QCD描述。由于 QCD的基本特性(高能标度下的渐近自由、低能标度下色禁闭及动力学手征对称性破缺 ) ,对核子 (强子 )结构和性质的 QCD图象是标度相关的 .在高能标度下描述强子的是与探测强子结构的硬过程相联系的QCD部分子模型 .强子的夸克、胶子结构信息通过 QCD部分子求和规则得到 .QCD微扰论是适用的理论 .在低能标度时 ,必须发展 QCD非微扰途径来描述核子 (强子 )物理 .这里简要地讨论各种非微扰途径 (格点 QCD、Dyson- Schwinger方程、有效场论、QCD求和规则 )的某些结果和进展 ,并指出 QCD真空结构在描述低能标度下强子物理中担任重要角色 . The nucleon (hadron) is the bound state of guarks and gluons, which is described by the quantum chromodynamics (QCD). Due to the basic properties of QCD (the asymptotic freedom at the high energy scale, the color confinement and the dynamical chiral symmetry breaking at the low energy scale), the QCD picture for the nucleon’s (hadron’s) structure and property is scale dependent. At high energy scale, the QCD parton model, which is relative to the hard process for testing the...
量子动力学的约化与自相似(英文)
张启仁, 高春媛
2000, 17(1): 30-34. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.17.01.030
摘要:
推广少体问题中的 AGS约化理论 ,证明量子动力学在不同层次具有相同形式 ,称为量子动力学的自相似.By a generalized version of AGS reduction procedure we show that the forms of quantum dynamics at different strata are the same. This is the self similarity of quantum dynamics.
经典轨道的封闭性和径向Schroinger方程的因式分解
武作兵, 曾谨言
2000, 17(1): 35-38. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.17.01.035
摘要:
研究表明 ,保证经典轨道具有封闭性的 Bertrand定理可以进一步推广 ,在适当的角动量下 ,仍存在着非椭圆的闭合轨道 .对于屏蔽 Coulomb场,可获得广义Runge-Lenz矢量.这种轨道封闭性与径向 Schroodinger方程因式分解相对应. It is shown that for a particle with suitable angular momenta in the screened Coulomb potential or isotropic harmonic potential, there still exists closed orbits rather than ellipse, characterized by the conserved perihelion and aphelion vectors, i.e., extended Runge Lenz vector, which implies a higher dynamical symmetry than the geometrical symmetry SO 3. For the potential, factorization of the radial Schrdinger equation to produce raising and lowering operators is also pointed out.
用杨立铭方法估算大于126的幻数
李先卉, 周治宁, 钟毓澍, 杨泽森
2000, 17(1): 39-42. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.17.01.039
摘要:
采用 Woods- Saxon形成的密度函数 ,按照杨立铭方法以及稍微修改的方法进行估算都得出 ,紧接126的幻数应该接近于184.Based on Fermi Yang Liming method and its improved method, magic numbers were calculated by using Woods Saxon density function. That the magic number next to 126 should be 184 was predicted.
物理学的现状和未来(英文)
艾小白
2000, 17(1): 43-50. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.17.01.043
摘要:
列举了物理学中100多个未解决的问题 ,阐明物理学中长期悬而未决的难题正是新物理学将要诞生的信号 ,人类探索物理学基本规律的努力总是值得的.Listing more than one hundred unanswered questions the present author claims that 1) the long standing puzzles in physics may be the signals of new physics; 2) the effort of searching for the basic natural laws of physics is always highly worthwhile.
坡密子和胶子球
马维兴, 姜焕清, L C Liu, L S Kisslinger
2000, 17(1): 51-55. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.17.01.051
摘要:
讨论了高能强子 -强子散射过程中的坡密子以及坡密子的 QCD内容 .认为坡密子有可能就是具有量子数 IG=0 + ,JPC=2 + +的张量胶子球 ξ( 2 2 30 ) .用雷其化胶子球模型计算了高能质子 -质子散射截面和坡密子 -核子的耦合参数 β.理论结果与实验的要求一致. The pomeron in high energy hadron hadron scattering as well as the QCD nature of the pomeron are discussed. We claimed that the pomeron may be the tenser glueball ξ(2 230) with quantum number I G =0 +, J PC =2 ++ . Under this reggeized glueball model the cross section of high energy proton proton scattering and the coupling parameter of the pomeron nucleon, β , are calculated. The theoretical results of the present model are in good agreement with experimental data.
核物理
重离子周边碰撞和中心碰撞引起的不同裂变行为
邬恩九, 郑纪文, 肖志刚, 张纯, 谭继廉, 尹淑芝, 王素芳, 靳根明, 殷旭, 宋明涛, 金卫阳, 朋兴平, 李祖玉, 吴和宇, 贺智勇, 江栋兴, 钱兴
2000, 17(1): 56-57. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.17.01.056
摘要:
本实验同时研究了4 0Ar+209Bi反应中周边碰撞和中心碰撞两者产生的关联裂变碎片,以及其与α粒子的再关联.对裂变碎片质量分布和能量分布随热裂变核初始温度演化的系统分析,发现中心碰撞和周边碰撞所形成的热核存在着不同的裂变行为. Correlated fission fragments from the 40Ar+209Bi reaction and their further correlation with α particles have been studied for peripheral and central collisions simultaneously. The existence of different fission behavior of hot nuclei formed in central and peripheral collisions was found from the systematic analysis of the mass and energy distributions of fission fragments as a function of the initial temperature of hot fissioning nuclei.
高电荷态ECR离子源
张子民, 刘占稳, 赵红卫
2000, 17(1): 58-62. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.17.01.058
摘要:
介绍了目前ECR离子源的发展状况和国际上几台典型的ECR离子源.Electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source is the most efficient facility for producing highly charged ions. So far more than 1 emA of O 6+ and 0.02 eμA of U 55+ have been delivered by ECR ion source. In this paper the latest development of ECR ion source is presented and several typical ECR ion sources in the world is introduced.