2007 Vol. 24, No. 4
Display Method:
2007, 24(4): 253-257.
doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.24.04.253
Abstract:
Study of mass of quark is one of the most important issues in the investigation of QCD. Because masses of quarks are fundamental QCD input parameters of standard Model, and an accurate determination of these parameters is extremely important for both phenomenological and theoretical applications. Based on the parameterized fully dressed quark propagator proposed by us, the theoretical predictions of the masses of quarks are predicted in this short note. The effective quark mass is defined by the scalar selfenergy function Bf(p2) and vector selfenergy function Af(p2). The results of our calculations are in agreement with the empirical values used widely in literature and also show that the parameterized form of quark propagator is an applicable and reliable approximation.
Study of mass of quark is one of the most important issues in the investigation of QCD. Because masses of quarks are fundamental QCD input parameters of standard Model, and an accurate determination of these parameters is extremely important for both phenomenological and theoretical applications. Based on the parameterized fully dressed quark propagator proposed by us, the theoretical predictions of the masses of quarks are predicted in this short note. The effective quark mass is defined by the scalar selfenergy function Bf(p2) and vector selfenergy function Af(p2). The results of our calculations are in agreement with the empirical values used widely in literature and also show that the parameterized form of quark propagator is an applicable and reliable approximation.
2007, 24(4): 258-260.
doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.24.04.258
Abstract:
Using the parameterized quark propagator proposed by us in our previous publication, the quark vacuum condensates and tensor susceptibility of QCD vacuum have been calculated. The results show that the tensor susceptibility strongly depends on the flavors of quark, but not on the variation of quark vacuum condensate. The quark vacuum condensate, however, is very sensitive to the change of cut off value of integration up limit, that is, it depends on the point of perturbative and nonperturbative QCD separation. Within the cut off region of 1 to 2 GeV2 used commonly, our calculated values of quark vacuum condensates are consistent with the empirical values and the predictions of other theoretical models. The prediction of the tensor susceptibility of this work is also consistent with other’s results.
Using the parameterized quark propagator proposed by us in our previous publication, the quark vacuum condensates and tensor susceptibility of QCD vacuum have been calculated. The results show that the tensor susceptibility strongly depends on the flavors of quark, but not on the variation of quark vacuum condensate. The quark vacuum condensate, however, is very sensitive to the change of cut off value of integration up limit, that is, it depends on the point of perturbative and nonperturbative QCD separation. Within the cut off region of 1 to 2 GeV2 used commonly, our calculated values of quark vacuum condensates are consistent with the empirical values and the predictions of other theoretical models. The prediction of the tensor susceptibility of this work is also consistent with other’s results.
2007, 24(4): 261-263.
doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.24.04.261
Abstract:
Importance, scientific significance of studying quark mass, and the production mechanisim of quark mass have been pointed out. The quark mass is defined by quark propagator and from this definition we calculate effective mass of quark. Finally we also point out some open problems and perspective of this research field.
Importance, scientific significance of studying quark mass, and the production mechanisim of quark mass have been pointed out. The quark mass is defined by quark propagator and from this definition we calculate effective mass of quark. Finally we also point out some open problems and perspective of this research field.
2007, 24(4): 264-267.
doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.24.04.264
Abstract:
Based on the chiral SU(3) quark model, the nonlocal Σ-N interaction and Σ3 He core interaction are investigated with two theories by the resonating group method. Then the bound energy BΣ of hypernuclei 4ΣHe is calculated with the interaction. It is shown that the chiral SU(3) quark model can well describe not only the nonlocal ΣN interaction but also Σcore interaction in the frame of two theories. At the same time, our calculation result of the bound energy BΣ of 4ΣHe is in agreement with the experiment data basically too.
Based on the chiral SU(3) quark model, the nonlocal Σ-N interaction and Σ3 He core interaction are investigated with two theories by the resonating group method. Then the bound energy BΣ of hypernuclei 4ΣHe is calculated with the interaction. It is shown that the chiral SU(3) quark model can well describe not only the nonlocal ΣN interaction but also Σcore interaction in the frame of two theories. At the same time, our calculation result of the bound energy BΣ of 4ΣHe is in agreement with the experiment data basically too.
2007, 24(4): 268-273.
doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.24.04.268
Abstract:
The selfdual equation and its solution in SU(2) DunneJackiwPiTrugenberger model has Been discussed with special ansatz for the Lie algebraic structures of su(2) and gauge potential decomposition. We obtainer a new concrete selfdual equation and found the relationship between SU(2) ChernSimons vortices and topological number which is determined by Hopf indices and Brouwer degrees of mapping. (two positions, one scale, one phase per vortex and one charge of each vortex) mvortices solutions are discribed by using 5m parameters. The quantization of flux is also studied in this case.
The selfdual equation and its solution in SU(2) DunneJackiwPiTrugenberger model has Been discussed with special ansatz for the Lie algebraic structures of su(2) and gauge potential decomposition. We obtainer a new concrete selfdual equation and found the relationship between SU(2) ChernSimons vortices and topological number which is determined by Hopf indices and Brouwer degrees of mapping. (two positions, one scale, one phase per vortex and one charge of each vortex) mvortices solutions are discribed by using 5m parameters. The quantization of flux is also studied in this case.
Quantization of SU(n)N=2 Supersymmetric Gauge Field System with NonAbelian ChernSimons Topological
2007, 24(4): 274-279.
doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.24.04.274
Abstract:
We quantize SU(n) N=2 supersymmetric gauge field system with nonAbelian ChernSimons topological term for constrained Hamilton system in framework of FaddeevSenjanovic path integral quantization, deduce the total angular momentum based on the global canonical Norther theorem at quantum level, obtain the fractional spin of this supersymmetric system, and find that this anomalous fractional spin has the contribution from the group superscript components.
We quantize SU(n) N=2 supersymmetric gauge field system with nonAbelian ChernSimons topological term for constrained Hamilton system in framework of FaddeevSenjanovic path integral quantization, deduce the total angular momentum based on the global canonical Norther theorem at quantum level, obtain the fractional spin of this supersymmetric system, and find that this anomalous fractional spin has the contribution from the group superscript components.
2007, 24(4): 280-283.
doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.24.04.280
Abstract:
Coil structure of CR superferric dipole for FAIR is presented in this paper. Finite Element Method(FEM) is used to calculate 2d magnetic force, displacement and stress distribution. 3d magnetic force and displacement of coil and coilcase are also analyzed, which shows that the design is fit for the desire result. Some results will be taken as a reference for further design.
Coil structure of CR superferric dipole for FAIR is presented in this paper. Finite Element Method(FEM) is used to calculate 2d magnetic force, displacement and stress distribution. 3d magnetic force and displacement of coil and coilcase are also analyzed, which shows that the design is fit for the desire result. Some results will be taken as a reference for further design.
2007, 24(4): 284-288.
doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.24.04.284
Abstract:
Thirtyseven samples of ancient Chinese Ru porcelain bodies unearthed from Qingliangsi kiln(containing 32 Ru official porcelain bodies and 5 Ru folk porcelain bodies), thirtytwo samples of ancient celadon bodies from Zhanggongxiang kiln, and fourteen samples of modern mineral, were selected and analyzed by neutron activation analysis (NAA) method. Twentythree elements were measured.The data of these elemental contents were processed by scatter analysis and principle component analysis methods in order to determine the characteristics and sources of the raw materials of the celadon porcelain bodies from the foregoing two kilns. The results show that Fe, Ce, Ba, Ta, Th, La, Sm and Cr are the fingerprint elements to distinguish the ancient Ru official porcelain bodies from ancient celadon bodies of Zhanggongxiang kiln. The sources of the raw material of the ancient Ru official porcelain bodies from Qingliangsi kiln are more concentrated and stable than those from Zhanggongxiang kiln. The Ru folk porcelain bidies and the Ru official porcelain bidies from Qingliangsi kiln have the same provenance, both sources of which are local. The raw material origins of the ancient celadon bodies from Zhanggongxiang kiln is a little dispersed and the compositions of the raw material are different from the Ru porcelains, but the distance is not far away from each other.
Thirtyseven samples of ancient Chinese Ru porcelain bodies unearthed from Qingliangsi kiln(containing 32 Ru official porcelain bodies and 5 Ru folk porcelain bodies), thirtytwo samples of ancient celadon bodies from Zhanggongxiang kiln, and fourteen samples of modern mineral, were selected and analyzed by neutron activation analysis (NAA) method. Twentythree elements were measured.The data of these elemental contents were processed by scatter analysis and principle component analysis methods in order to determine the characteristics and sources of the raw materials of the celadon porcelain bodies from the foregoing two kilns. The results show that Fe, Ce, Ba, Ta, Th, La, Sm and Cr are the fingerprint elements to distinguish the ancient Ru official porcelain bodies from ancient celadon bodies of Zhanggongxiang kiln. The sources of the raw material of the ancient Ru official porcelain bodies from Qingliangsi kiln are more concentrated and stable than those from Zhanggongxiang kiln. The Ru folk porcelain bidies and the Ru official porcelain bidies from Qingliangsi kiln have the same provenance, both sources of which are local. The raw material origins of the ancient celadon bodies from Zhanggongxiang kiln is a little dispersed and the compositions of the raw material are different from the Ru porcelains, but the distance is not far away from each other.
2007, 24(4): 289-293.
doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.24.04.289
Abstract:
HepG2 cells were irradiated with Xray at the doses of 0, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 or 8.0 Gy and separately maintained in DMEM at 37 ℃ for 0, 6, 12 or 24 h. Colonyforming assay showed that cell survival decreased with the irradiation dose increasing. Cell cycle was detected by FACS, the arrest of S phase was found after 12 h irradiation and arrest of G2 phase took place at 24 h after all irradiation doses, which suggested that cell cycle distribution was different in groups gathered after different maintaining time. The results of Western blotting showed that the expression of P53, MDM2 and P21 increased more after irradiation than the control. The expression of P53 remained high at 24 h after irradiation, while the levels of MDM2 or P21 arrived at the highest at 6 h or 12 h after irradiation respectively. The expressions of P21 after irradiation were in corresponding with the cell cycle distribution in the groups of different maintaining time. In conclusion, irradiation change the distribution of cell cycle by effecting the expression of P53 and its related proteins.
HepG2 cells were irradiated with Xray at the doses of 0, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0 or 8.0 Gy and separately maintained in DMEM at 37 ℃ for 0, 6, 12 or 24 h. Colonyforming assay showed that cell survival decreased with the irradiation dose increasing. Cell cycle was detected by FACS, the arrest of S phase was found after 12 h irradiation and arrest of G2 phase took place at 24 h after all irradiation doses, which suggested that cell cycle distribution was different in groups gathered after different maintaining time. The results of Western blotting showed that the expression of P53, MDM2 and P21 increased more after irradiation than the control. The expression of P53 remained high at 24 h after irradiation, while the levels of MDM2 or P21 arrived at the highest at 6 h or 12 h after irradiation respectively. The expressions of P21 after irradiation were in corresponding with the cell cycle distribution in the groups of different maintaining time. In conclusion, irradiation change the distribution of cell cycle by effecting the expression of P53 and its related proteins.
2007, 24(4): 294-298.
doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.24.04.294
Abstract:
Heavy ion biotechnology has received much attention since the mid1980s, when the first mutagenic effect of heavy ion beams was found in rice. Since then, plant breeding is one of the focuses in heavy ion biotechnology. In this paper we outlined the recent developments in plant breeding by heavy ion beams. We introduced briefly the essential characteristics and superiority of heavy ion beams applied in plant breeding, and reviewed further the mutagenic research in three levels(e.g., molecular, cell and individual) of plants. At last, we summarized artificial mutants obtained in plants irradiated by heavy ion beams.
Heavy ion biotechnology has received much attention since the mid1980s, when the first mutagenic effect of heavy ion beams was found in rice. Since then, plant breeding is one of the focuses in heavy ion biotechnology. In this paper we outlined the recent developments in plant breeding by heavy ion beams. We introduced briefly the essential characteristics and superiority of heavy ion beams applied in plant breeding, and reviewed further the mutagenic research in three levels(e.g., molecular, cell and individual) of plants. At last, we summarized artificial mutants obtained in plants irradiated by heavy ion beams.
2007, 24(4): 299-203.
doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.24.04.299
Abstract:
There is a correlation between Monte Carlo simulation speed and the phantom dimension. The effect of the phantom dimension on the Monte Carlo simulation speed and precision was studied based on a fast Monte Carlo code DPM. The results showed that when the thickness of the phantom was reduced, the efficiency would increase exponentially without compromise of its precision except for the position at the tailor. When the width of the phantom was reduced to outside the penumbra, the effect on the efficiency would be neglectable. However when it was reduced to within the penumbra, the efficiency would be increased at some extent without precision loss. This result was applied to a clinic head case, and the remarkable increased efficiency was acquired.
There is a correlation between Monte Carlo simulation speed and the phantom dimension. The effect of the phantom dimension on the Monte Carlo simulation speed and precision was studied based on a fast Monte Carlo code DPM. The results showed that when the thickness of the phantom was reduced, the efficiency would increase exponentially without compromise of its precision except for the position at the tailor. When the width of the phantom was reduced to outside the penumbra, the effect on the efficiency would be neglectable. However when it was reduced to within the penumbra, the efficiency would be increased at some extent without precision loss. This result was applied to a clinic head case, and the remarkable increased efficiency was acquired.
2007, 24(4): 304-208.
doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.24.04.304
Abstract:
A dose calculation algorithm for MLC based conformal radiotherapy is described in this paper. The algorithm is formulated by the coordinate of MLC leaves. Verification on the algorithm is made by comparing the dose distributions generated by this algorithm with that generated by a Differential Convolution Superposition algorithm for various regular and irregular fields. The results demonstrate that the present algorithm has suitable accuracy and high computational efficiency, thus it could be useful for the treatment planning process in MLC based conformal radiotherapy, where the workload for interactively or automatically designing the shapes of MLC is heavy.
A dose calculation algorithm for MLC based conformal radiotherapy is described in this paper. The algorithm is formulated by the coordinate of MLC leaves. Verification on the algorithm is made by comparing the dose distributions generated by this algorithm with that generated by a Differential Convolution Superposition algorithm for various regular and irregular fields. The results demonstrate that the present algorithm has suitable accuracy and high computational efficiency, thus it could be useful for the treatment planning process in MLC based conformal radiotherapy, where the workload for interactively or automatically designing the shapes of MLC is heavy.
2007, 24(4): 309-402.
doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.24.04.309
Abstract:
The irradiation effects of C60 films induced by 0.98 GeV Fe ions at the same electronic energy loss of 3.5 keV/nm and different irradiation dose ranging from 5×1010 to 8×1013 ions/cm2 , were analyzed by Raman scattering and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopes. The analysis results indicate that the irradiation results in a molecular polymerization and destruction of the C60. The partial recovery of the damage at the intermediate value of irradiation dose, 1×1012 ions/cm2, was caused by an annealing effect of electronic energy loss. The ion track or damage crosssection σ deduced from the Raman data was 1.32×10-14 cm2.
The irradiation effects of C60 films induced by 0.98 GeV Fe ions at the same electronic energy loss of 3.5 keV/nm and different irradiation dose ranging from 5×1010 to 8×1013 ions/cm2 , were analyzed by Raman scattering and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopes. The analysis results indicate that the irradiation results in a molecular polymerization and destruction of the C60. The partial recovery of the damage at the intermediate value of irradiation dose, 1×1012 ions/cm2, was caused by an annealing effect of electronic energy loss. The ion track or damage crosssection σ deduced from the Raman data was 1.32×10-14 cm2.
2007, 24(4): 313-317.
doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.24.04.313
Abstract:
Based on the ECPSSR theory, the contribution of the electron capture is described by the OBKN theory. The cross sections of electron capture and X ray production for the collision of different charge state projectiles with various targets are calculated, and compared with the available experimental data. It is found that the obtained X ray production cross sections are almost independent of the projectile charge states for projectiles without a K vacancy. For the collision processes of direct ionization, the present calculated results agree well with the experimental data. The calculations overestimate the X ray production cross sections for the projectiles with full and a K vacancy.
Based on the ECPSSR theory, the contribution of the electron capture is described by the OBKN theory. The cross sections of electron capture and X ray production for the collision of different charge state projectiles with various targets are calculated, and compared with the available experimental data. It is found that the obtained X ray production cross sections are almost independent of the projectile charge states for projectiles without a K vacancy. For the collision processes of direct ionization, the present calculated results agree well with the experimental data. The calculations overestimate the X ray production cross sections for the projectiles with full and a K vacancy.
2007, 24(4): 318-322.
doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.24.04.318
Abstract:
It is assumed that a periodic modulation is equivalent to deflected channel of the superlattice. In the small amplitude approximation the particle motion equation is simplified to the Duffing equation with a hardspring properties by using sinesquared potential. The chaotic behaviour is analysed by Melnikov method.It shows that the subharmonic bifurcation and the supersubharmonic bifurcation are presented in the system, the chaos can be controlled by controlling the parameters of the system.The result provided a theoretical analysis for the study of the photomagnetoelectric effects of superlattice.
It is assumed that a periodic modulation is equivalent to deflected channel of the superlattice. In the small amplitude approximation the particle motion equation is simplified to the Duffing equation with a hardspring properties by using sinesquared potential. The chaotic behaviour is analysed by Melnikov method.It shows that the subharmonic bifurcation and the supersubharmonic bifurcation are presented in the system, the chaos can be controlled by controlling the parameters of the system.The result provided a theoretical analysis for the study of the photomagnetoelectric effects of superlattice.
2007, 24(4): 323-327.
doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.24.04.323
Abstract:
A threetemperature thermonuclear burn model considering the slowingdown effect of alpha particles is presented, with which the temporal evolution of temperature and particle number density are calculated. Comparison with the description that alpha particles deposit their energy instantaneously, calculation shows that the slowingdown effect of alpha particles delays ignition time, makes the maximum of electron and ion temperatures lower and is more remarkable for lower density conditions.
A threetemperature thermonuclear burn model considering the slowingdown effect of alpha particles is presented, with which the temporal evolution of temperature and particle number density are calculated. Comparison with the description that alpha particles deposit their energy instantaneously, calculation shows that the slowingdown effect of alpha particles delays ignition time, makes the maximum of electron and ion temperatures lower and is more remarkable for lower density conditions.
2007, 24(4): 328-332.
doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.24.04.328
Abstract:
In this paper the feasibility and advantage of nuclear explosion deuteriumdeuterium fusion to generate electricity are analyzed briefly. According to scale of 10 kt TNT nuclear explosion deuteriumdeuterium fusion, the function of beat carrier on keeping energy and its amount, the action intensity of shock wave of nuclear explosion on chamber wall and bearing capacity of explosion camber wall are estimated.
In this paper the feasibility and advantage of nuclear explosion deuteriumdeuterium fusion to generate electricity are analyzed briefly. According to scale of 10 kt TNT nuclear explosion deuteriumdeuterium fusion, the function of beat carrier on keeping energy and its amount, the action intensity of shock wave of nuclear explosion on chamber wall and bearing capacity of explosion camber wall are estimated.