Analysis of Induced Radioactivity in Pebbles Caused by High Energy Neutrons

YAN Yonggang; LUO Peng; HUANG Yuxuan; ZHANG Yanbin; JIN Jing; HUANG Siyang; XU Junkui; WANG Zhiguang

doi:10.11804/NuclPhysRev.35.01.053

Volume 35 Issue 1

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > Nuclear Physics Review > 2018 > 35(1): 53-60

YAN Yonggang, LUO Peng, HUANG Yuxuan, ZHANG Yanbin, JIN Jing, HUANG Siyang, XU Junkui, WANG Zhiguang. Analysis of Induced Radioactivity in Pebbles Caused by High Energy Neutrons[J]. Nuclear Physics Review, 2018, 35(1): 53-60. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.35.01.053

Citation:

YAN Yonggang, LUO Peng, HUANG Yuxuan, ZHANG Yanbin, JIN Jing, HUANG Siyang, XU Junkui, WANG Zhiguang. Analysis of Induced Radioactivity in Pebbles Caused by High Energy Neutrons[J]. Nuclear Physics Review, 2018, 35(1): 53-60. doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.35.01.053

Analysis of Induced Radioactivity in Pebbles Caused by High Energy Neutrons

doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.35.01.053

1.
Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
2.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Funds: Major Research Plan of National Natural Science Foundation of China(91426301)

Received Date: 2017-09-24
Rev Recd Date: 2017-12-05
Publish Date: 2018-03-20

Abstract

The China initiative Accelerator Driven System (CiADS) is the first integrated ADS facility designed to study the safety disposal of nuclear waste. As a nuclear facility, it will cause radiological impact on the environment. Therefore, the assessment of radiological impact on the environment around this facility will not only meaningful to the public health, but also offers significant guides to the shielding design of CiADS. Pebble samplings were collected around the campus of the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou (HIRFL) and irradiated by a ²⁴¹Am-Be neutron source. Based on the γ-spectrum measured by a HPGe detector before and after the neutron irradiation, the specific activities of induced radionuclides ²⁴Na,⁵⁴Mn,⁵⁶Mn and ²⁷Mg in these samples were analyzed and compared with the Monte-Carlo simulation values obtained with the Geant4 toolkit. The comparison between the experimental and simulated results indicates that Geant4 toolkit is feasible for radiation impact assessment of nuclear facilities, such as CiADS. Then the neutron spectrum outside the concrete shielding of HEBT tunnel of the CiADS have been simulated by the Geant4 toolkit, and the saturation activities of the induced nuclides in the first 10 cm pebble layer have been predicted. The results show that the saturation activities of induced radionuclides in pebbles outside the CiADS shielding are much lower than their exemption values and their radiation impacts to the environment could be ignored.
- neutron,
- CiADS,
- pebble,
- radiation hazard

References

[1]	LUO Peng, WANG Sicheng, HU Zhengguo, et al. Physics, 2016, 45(09):569. (in Chinese) (骆鹏, 王思成, 胡正国, 等. 物理, 2016, 45(09):569.)
[2]	BILLINGE R, BLEWETT M H, HARDT W, et al. Report on the Design Study of a 300-GeV Proton Synchrotron[R]. European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva (Switzerland), 1967.
[3]	FASSÒ A. Health Physics, 2005, 88(2):175.
[4]	FORKELWIRTH D, ROESLER S, SILARI M, et al. arXiv, 2013.
[5]	GOLLON P J. Soil Activation Calculations for The AntiProton Target Area[R]. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL, 1978.
[6]	GABRIEL T A. Nucl Instr and Meth, 1971, 91(1):67.
[7]	TESCH K. Production of Radioactive Nuclides in Soil and Groundwater Near the Beam Dump of a Linear Collider[R]. DESY D3-86, 1997.
[8]	XU Bing, LI Yuxiong, LI Juexin, et al. Radialization Protection, 2004(05):321. (in Chinese) (许炳, 李裕熊, 李珏忻, 等. 辐射防护, 2004(05):321.)
[9]	AWSCHALOM M. Calculation of the Radionuclide Production in the Surroundings of the NAL Neutrino Laboratory[R]. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL, 1971.
[10]	HOYER F E. Induced Radioactivity in the Earth Shielding on Top of High-energy Particle Accelerators[R]. CERN, 1968.
[11]	THOMAS R H. Possible Contamination of Ground Water System by High Energy Proton Accelerators[M]. Lawrence Radiation Laboratory, University of California, 1970.
[12]	STAPLETON G B, THOMAS R H. Health physics, 1972, 23(5):689.
[13]	TOOHIG T E. TM-284, January, 1971.
[14]	BORAK T B, AWSCHALOM M, FAIRMAN W, et al. Health Physics, 1972, 23(5):679.
[15]	ROKNI S, LIU J C, ROESLER S. Initial Estimates of the Activation Concentration of the Soil and Groundwater Around the NLC Beam Delivery System tunnel[C]//Proceedings of the Fifth Specialists Meeting on Shielding Aspects of Accelerators, Targets and Irradiation Facilities (SATIF-5). 2000:115.
[16]	ROKNI S H, FASSO A, GWISE T, et al. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 2002, 484(1):680.
[17]	WANG Qingbin, WU Qingbiao, MA Zhongjian, et al. Chinese physics C, 2010, 34(7):1029.
[18]	WU Qingbiao, WANG Qingbin, WU Jingmin, et al. Chinese physics C, 2011, 35(6):596.
[19]	LEI Fuan, XU Junkui, LIANG Shibiao, et al. Nuclear Safety, 2013, 12(03):74. (in Chinese) (雷富安, 徐俊奎, 梁士彪, 等. 核安全, 2013, 12(03):74.)
[20]	http://geant4.cern.ch/[2017-09-15].
[21]	MAIRE M, WRIGHT D H, URBAN L, et al. GEANT4 Physics Reference Manual:Version GEANT48.3.USA:SLAC, 2004.
[22]	LI Dehong, SU Tongling. College Physics, 2005(06):56. (in Chinese) (李德红, 苏桐龄. 大学物理, 2005(06):56.)
[23]	DING Dazhao, YE Chuntang, ZHAO Kexiang, et al. Neutron Physics. Principles and Applications[M]. Beijing:Atomic Energy Press, 2001:178. (in Chinese) (丁大钊, 叶春堂, 赵克祥, 等. 中子物理学. 原理方法与应用[M]. 北京:原子能出版社, 2001:178.)
[24]	KNOLL G F. Radiation Detection and Measurements, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1989.
[25]	VINCKE H, THEIS C, ROESLER S. Radiation protection dosimetry, 2011, 146(4):434.
[26]	MCCONN R J, GESH C J, PAGH R T, et al. Compendium of Material Composition Data for Radiation Transport Modeling[R]. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (US), 2011.
[27]	www-nds.iaea.org/exfor/exfor.htm[2017-04-20].
[28]	WANG Nanping. Building Materials Geology, 1992(06):30. (in Chinese) (王南萍. 建材地质, 1992(06):30.)
[29]	ZHANG Jie, CHENG Wuyi, XIE Ruinan, et al. Chin J Radiol Health, 2015, 24(02):127. (in Chinese) (张洁, 程五一, 谢润楠, 等. 中国辐射卫生, 2015, 24(02):127.)
[30]	HUANG Lihua, XU Liya, LING Meirong, et al. Occupation and Health, 2004(01):99. (in Chinese) (黄丽华, 徐利亚, 林美榕, 等. 职业与健康, 2004(01):99.)
[31]	ISO 8529, Reference Neutron Radiations-Part 1:Characteristics and methods of production (2001)[S].
[32]	LU Xiting. Nuclear Physics[M]. Beijing:Atomic Energy Press, 2001:32. (in Chinese) (卢希庭, 原子核物理[M]. 北京:原子能出版社, 2001:32.)
[33]	LIU Hongwei, QIU Zonghui, XIE Hualin, et al. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2013, 33(01):224. (in Chinese) (刘宏伟, 秦宗会, 谢华林, 等. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2013, 33(01):224.)
[34]	WANG Xiaoping, LI Bai, et al. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2010, 30(08):2260. (in Chinese) (王小平, 李柏. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2010, 30(08):2260.)
[35]	WU Qingbiao. Study on Induced Radioactivity of the CSNS[D]. Beijing:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2014. (in Chinese)(吴青彪. 中国散裂中子源的感生放射性研究[D]. 北京:中国科学院大学, 2014.)
[36]	National standard of People's Republic of China. GB 18871-2002, Basic Standards for Protection against Ion-izing Radiation and for the Safety of Radiation Sources[S]. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, 2002. (in Chinese) (中华人民共和国国家标准. GB 18871-2002《电离辐射防护与辐射源安全基本标准》[S]. 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 2002.)

Proportional views

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

Get Citation

PDF

XML

Article Metrics

Article views(1261) PDF downloads(85) Cited by()

Proportional views

Analysis of Induced Radioactivity in Pebbles Caused by High Energy Neutrons

1. Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;

2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Funds: Major Research Plan of National Natural Science Foundation of China(91426301)

Received Date: 2017-09-24

Rev Recd Date: 2017-12-05

Publish Date: 2018-03-20

Key words:

neutron /
CiADS /
pebble /
radiation hazard

Abstract: The China initiative Accelerator Driven System (CiADS) is the first integrated ADS facility designed to study the safety disposal of nuclear waste. As a nuclear facility, it will cause radiological impact on the environment. Therefore, the assessment of radiological impact on the environment around this facility will not only meaningful to the public health, but also offers significant guides to the shielding design of CiADS. Pebble samplings were collected around the campus of the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou (HIRFL) and irradiated by a ²⁴¹Am-Be neutron source. Based on the γ-spectrum measured by a HPGe detector before and after the neutron irradiation, the specific activities of induced radionuclides ²⁴Na,⁵⁴Mn,⁵⁶Mn and ²⁷Mg in these samples were analyzed and compared with the Monte-Carlo simulation values obtained with the Geant4 toolkit. The comparison between the experimental and simulated results indicates that Geant4 toolkit is feasible for radiation impact assessment of nuclear facilities, such as CiADS. Then the neutron spectrum outside the concrete shielding of HEBT tunnel of the CiADS have been simulated by the Geant4 toolkit, and the saturation activities of the induced nuclides in the first 10 cm pebble layer have been predicted. The results show that the saturation activities of induced radionuclides in pebbles outside the CiADS shielding are much lower than their exemption values and their radiation impacts to the environment could be ignored.

HTML

Reference (36)

[1]	LUO Peng, WANG Sicheng, HU Zhengguo, et al. Physics, 2016, 45(09):569. (in Chinese) (骆鹏, 王思成, 胡正国, 等. 物理, 2016, 45(09):569.)
[2]	BILLINGE R, BLEWETT M H, HARDT W, et al. Report on the Design Study of a 300-GeV Proton Synchrotron[R]. European Organization for Nuclear Research, Geneva (Switzerland), 1967.
[3]	FASSÒ A. Health Physics, 2005, 88(2):175.
[4]	FORKELWIRTH D, ROESLER S, SILARI M, et al. arXiv, 2013.
[5]	GOLLON P J. Soil Activation Calculations for The AntiProton Target Area[R]. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL, 1978.
[6]	GABRIEL T A. Nucl Instr and Meth, 1971, 91(1):67.
[7]	TESCH K. Production of Radioactive Nuclides in Soil and Groundwater Near the Beam Dump of a Linear Collider[R]. DESY D3-86, 1997.
[8]	XU Bing, LI Yuxiong, LI Juexin, et al. Radialization Protection, 2004(05):321. (in Chinese) (许炳, 李裕熊, 李珏忻, 等. 辐射防护, 2004(05):321.)
[9]	AWSCHALOM M. Calculation of the Radionuclide Production in the Surroundings of the NAL Neutrino Laboratory[R]. Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (FNAL), Batavia, IL, 1971.
[10]	HOYER F E. Induced Radioactivity in the Earth Shielding on Top of High-energy Particle Accelerators[R]. CERN, 1968.
[11]	THOMAS R H. Possible Contamination of Ground Water System by High Energy Proton Accelerators[M]. Lawrence Radiation Laboratory, University of California, 1970.
[12]	STAPLETON G B, THOMAS R H. Health physics, 1972, 23(5):689.
[13]	TOOHIG T E. TM-284, January, 1971.
[14]	BORAK T B, AWSCHALOM M, FAIRMAN W, et al. Health Physics, 1972, 23(5):679.
[15]	ROKNI S, LIU J C, ROESLER S. Initial Estimates of the Activation Concentration of the Soil and Groundwater Around the NLC Beam Delivery System tunnel[C]//Proceedings of the Fifth Specialists Meeting on Shielding Aspects of Accelerators, Targets and Irradiation Facilities (SATIF-5). 2000:115.
[16]	ROKNI S H, FASSO A, GWISE T, et al. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 2002, 484(1):680.
[17]	WANG Qingbin, WU Qingbiao, MA Zhongjian, et al. Chinese physics C, 2010, 34(7):1029.
[18]	WU Qingbiao, WANG Qingbin, WU Jingmin, et al. Chinese physics C, 2011, 35(6):596.
[19]	LEI Fuan, XU Junkui, LIANG Shibiao, et al. Nuclear Safety, 2013, 12(03):74. (in Chinese) (雷富安, 徐俊奎, 梁士彪, 等. 核安全, 2013, 12(03):74.)
[20]	http://geant4.cern.ch/[2017-09-15].
[21]	MAIRE M, WRIGHT D H, URBAN L, et al. GEANT4 Physics Reference Manual:Version GEANT48.3.USA:SLAC, 2004.
[22]	LI Dehong, SU Tongling. College Physics, 2005(06):56. (in Chinese) (李德红, 苏桐龄. 大学物理, 2005(06):56.)
[23]	DING Dazhao, YE Chuntang, ZHAO Kexiang, et al. Neutron Physics. Principles and Applications[M]. Beijing:Atomic Energy Press, 2001:178. (in Chinese) (丁大钊, 叶春堂, 赵克祥, 等. 中子物理学. 原理方法与应用[M]. 北京:原子能出版社, 2001:178.)
[24]	KNOLL G F. Radiation Detection and Measurements, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1989.
[25]	VINCKE H, THEIS C, ROESLER S. Radiation protection dosimetry, 2011, 146(4):434.
[26]	MCCONN R J, GESH C J, PAGH R T, et al. Compendium of Material Composition Data for Radiation Transport Modeling[R]. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), Richland, WA (US), 2011.
[27]	www-nds.iaea.org/exfor/exfor.htm[2017-04-20].
[28]	WANG Nanping. Building Materials Geology, 1992(06):30. (in Chinese) (王南萍. 建材地质, 1992(06):30.)
[29]	ZHANG Jie, CHENG Wuyi, XIE Ruinan, et al. Chin J Radiol Health, 2015, 24(02):127. (in Chinese) (张洁, 程五一, 谢润楠, 等. 中国辐射卫生, 2015, 24(02):127.)
[30]	HUANG Lihua, XU Liya, LING Meirong, et al. Occupation and Health, 2004(01):99. (in Chinese) (黄丽华, 徐利亚, 林美榕, 等. 职业与健康, 2004(01):99.)
[31]	ISO 8529, Reference Neutron Radiations-Part 1:Characteristics and methods of production (2001)[S].
[32]	LU Xiting. Nuclear Physics[M]. Beijing:Atomic Energy Press, 2001:32. (in Chinese) (卢希庭, 原子核物理[M]. 北京:原子能出版社, 2001:32.)
[33]	LIU Hongwei, QIU Zonghui, XIE Hualin, et al. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2013, 33(01):224. (in Chinese) (刘宏伟, 秦宗会, 谢华林, 等. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2013, 33(01):224.)
[34]	WANG Xiaoping, LI Bai, et al. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2010, 30(08):2260. (in Chinese) (王小平, 李柏. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2010, 30(08):2260.)
[35]	WU Qingbiao. Study on Induced Radioactivity of the CSNS[D]. Beijing:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2014. (in Chinese)(吴青彪. 中国散裂中子源的感生放射性研究[D]. 北京:中国科学院大学, 2014.)
[36]	National standard of People's Republic of China. GB 18871-2002, Basic Standards for Protection against Ion-izing Radiation and for the Safety of Radiation Sources[S]. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China, 2002. (in Chinese) (中华人民共和国国家标准. GB 18871-2002《电离辐射防护与辐射源安全基本标准》[S]. 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局, 2002.)

Analysis of Induced Radioactivity in Pebbles Caused by High Energy Neutrons

doi: 10.11804/NuclPhysRev.35.01.053

Abstract

References

Proportional views

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

Article Metrics

Proportional views