摘要: 使用基于Dirac-Hartree-Fock方法的Grasp2K程序包，计算了Am原子及离子的K，L，M-X射线的跃迁能和跃迁速率。在计算中，包括了Breit相互作用、真空极化和自能等重要效应。目前研究结果与已有的其他实验和理论结果相对误差约为0.04%。此外，我们还首次计算了从Am¹⁺到Am⁶⁺离子的K，L，M-X射线的跃迁能和跃迁速率。相对于中性原子，来自低离化态的跃迁能相对于中性的相应跃迁线的能量仅有轻微的偏移，这反映出外层电子几乎不影响内壳层的跃迁性质。


Transition energies and rates of K, L, and M X-ray lines from electric-dipole transition of americium have been calculated using GRASP2K code based on the Dirac-Hartee-Fock method. The effects of the Breit interaction, vacuum polarization and self energy were taken into account. It is found that the present results agree within 0.04% with other experimental and theoretical values. Furthermore, we also calculated transition energies and rates of the K-, L-, and M-shell hole states of americium ions with charge states Am¹⁺-Am⁶⁺ for the first time. It is found that the transition energies and rates change slightly relative to the corresponding results of americium atoms, which indicates that the outermost electrons can hardly affect inner-shell transition properties.